MUSCLES ORAL REVALIDA PERFECT CUTIE

• trapezius

  muscle group - superficial back

  o - external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of c7-t12

  i - clavicle, acromion process, and scapular spine

  n - accessory nerve (cnxi)

  a - elevates, depresses, retracts, rotates, and fixes the scapula; extends the neck
• vastus medialis

  muscle group - anterior thigh

  o - intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, lateral lip of gluteal tuberosity, and lateral lip of linea aspera

  i - base of patella and to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

  n - femoral nerve

  a - extends leg at knee joint
• vastus lateralis

  muscle group - anterior thigh

  o - greater trochanter, lateral lip of gluteal tuberosity, lateral lip of linea aspera

  i - base of patella and to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

  n - femoral nerve

  a - extends leg at knee joint
• vastus intermedius

  muscle group - anterior thigh

  o - anterior and lateral surfaces of body of femur

  i - base of patella and to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

  n - femoral nerve

  a - extends leg at knee joint
• soleus

  muscle group - posterior leg

  o - posterior aspect of head of fibula, proximal 1/4 of posterior surface of fibula, soleal line of tibia

  i - posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

  n - tibial nerve

  a - plantarflexes foot at ankle and stabilizes leg over foot
• semitendinosus

  muscle group - posterior thigh

  o - ischial tuberosity

  i - superior part of medial surface of tibia

  n - sciatic nerve

  a - flexes leg, extends thigh
• semimembranosus

  muscle group - posterior thigh

  o - ischial tuberosity

  i - posterior part of medial condyle of tibia

  n - sciatic nerve

  a - flexes leg, extends thigh
• sartorius

  muscle group - anterior thigh

  o - anterior superior iliac spine and superior part of notch below it

  i - superior part of medial surface of tibia

  n - femoral nerve

  a - abducts, laterally rotates, and flexes thigh; flexes knee joint
• gracilis

  muscle group - medial thigh

  o - body and inferior ramus of pubis

  i - superior part of medial surface of tibia

  n - obturator nerve

  a - adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
• gluteus maximus

  muscle group - gluteal region

  o - ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament

  i - most fibers end in iliotibial tract that inserts into lateral condyle of tibia; some fibers insert into gluteal tuberosity of femur

  n - inferior gluteal nerve

  a - extends flexed thigh, assists in lateral rotation, and abducts thigh
• gastrocnemius

  muscle group - posterior leg

  o - lateral head: lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur / medial head: popliteal surface about medial condyle of femur

  i - posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

  n - tibial nerve

  a - plantarflexes foot at ankle joint, assists in flexion of knee joint
• tibialis anterior

  muscle group - anterior leg

  o - lateral condyle, proximal half of lateral tibia, interosseous membrane

  i - medial plantar surfaces of medial cuneiform bone and base of 1st metatarsal bone

  n - deep fibular nerve

  a - dorsiflexes foot at ankle and inverts foot
• fibularis brevis

  muscle group -

  o - inferior two-thirds of the lateral fibula

  i - fifth metatarsal bone

  n - superficial fibular

  a - everts and plantar flexes the foot
• fibularis longus

  muscle group -

  o - superior two-thirds of the lateral fibula

  i - first metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform

  n - superficial fibular

  a - everts and plantar flexes the foot
• biceps femoris

  muscle group - posterior thigh

  o - long head: ischial tuberosity / short head: linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur

  i - lateral side of head of fibula

  n - long head: sciatic nerve (tibial division) / short head: sciatic nerve (fibular division)

  a - flexes and laterally rotates leg, extends thigh at hip
• calcaneal tendon

  muscle group - posterior leg

  o - the gastrocnemius originates from the femur, and the soleus originates from the tibia and fibula.

  i - the calcaneus (heel bone) via the calcaneal tendon.

  n - tibial nerve

  a - the calcaneal tendon allows the gastrocnemius and soleus to work together to plantarflex the foot at the ankle joint. It also aids in stabilizing the leg over the foot.
• rectus femoris

  muscle group - fusiform muscle

  o - anterior inferior iliac spine

  i - patella and onto tibial tuberosity through patellar ligament

  n - femoral nerve

  a - extends the knee and flexes the hip
• teres minor

  muscle group - shoulder

  o - upper 2/3 of posterior surface of lateral border of scapula

  i - inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

  n - axillary nerve

  a - laterally rotates arm
• teres major

  muscle group - shoulder

  o - posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

  i - medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

  n - lower subscapular nerve

  a - adducts and medially rotates arm
• triceps brachii

  muscle group - arm

  o - long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula / lateral head: upper half of posterior humerus / medial head: distal 2/3 of medial and posterior humerus

  i - posterior surface of olecranon process of ulna

  n - radial nerve

  a - extends forearm at elbow; long head stabilizes head of abducted humerus and extends and adducts arm
• serratus anterior

  muscle group - shoulder

  o - lateral surfaces of upper 8-9 ribs

  i - costal surface of medial border of scapula

  n - long thoracic nerve

  a - protracts and rotates scapula and holds it against thoracic wall
• pectoralis major

  muscle group - pectoral / axillary regions

  o - sternal half of clavicle, sternum to 7th rib, cartilages of true ribs, aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique muscle

  i - lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

  n - medial and lateral pectoral nerves

  a - flexes, adducts, medially rotates arm
• latissimus dorsi

  muscle group - shoulder

  o - spinous processes of t7-l5, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and last three ribs

  i - intertubercular sulcus of humerus

  n - thoracodorsal nerve

  a - extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus
• infraspinatus

  muscle group - shoulder

  o - infraspinous fossa of scapula and deep fascia

  i - greater tubercle of humerus

  n - suprascapular nerve

  a - lateral rotation of arm
• biceps brachii

  muscle group - arm

  o - long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula / short head: coracoid process of scapula

  i - radial tuberosity, fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

  n - musculocutaneous nerve

  a - flexes and supinates forearm at elbow
• deltoid

  muscle group - shoulder

  o - lateral third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

  i - deltoid tuberosity of humerus

  n - axillary nerve

  a - flexes and medially rotates arm, abducts arm beyond initial 15 degrees done by supraspinatus, extends and laterally rotates arm
• external abdominal oblique

  muscle group - anterior abdominal wall

  o - external surfaces of 5-12 ribs

  i - linea alba, pubic tubercle, anterior half of iliac crest

  n - anterior rami of six inferior thoracic nerves

  a - compresses and supports abdominal viscera, flexes and rotates trunk
• rectus abdominis

  muscle group - anterior abdominal wall

  o - pubic symphysis, pubic crest

  i - xiphoid process, costal cartilages 5-7

  n - anterior rami of six inferior thoracic nerves

  a - flexes trunk, compresses abdominal viscera
• sternocleidomastoid

  muscle group - neck

  o - sternal head: anterior surface of manubrium / clavicular head: upper surface of medial 1/3 of clavicle

  i - lateral surface of mastoid process; lateral half of superior nuchal line of occipital bone

  n - accessory nerve (cn xi)

  a - flexes head
• abductor pollicis longus

  muscle group -

  o - posterior ulna and radius and interosseous membrane

  i - base of the first metacarpal bone

  n - radial nerve

  a - abduction of the thumb and extension of the first carpometacarpal joint
• anconeus

  muscle group -

  o - lateral epicondyle of humerus

  i - olecranon process and posterior ulna

  n - radial nerve

  a - extend the elbow.
• extensor carpi radialis brevis

  muscle group -

  o - lateral epicondyle of the humerus

  i - base of the third metacarpal bone

  n - radial nerve

  a - extension and abduction of the wrist
• extensor carpi radialis longus

  muscle group -

  o - lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

  i - base of the second metacarpal bone

  n - radial nerve

  a - wrist extension and abduction
• extensor carpi ulnaris

  muscle group -

  o - lateral epicondyle of humerus and ulna

  i - base of the fifth metacarpal bone

  n - radial nerve

  a - extension and abduction of the hand at the wrist
• extensor digiti minimi

  muscle group -

  o - lateral epicondyle of the humerus

  i - phalanges of digit five

  n - radial nerve

  a - extending the fifth digital and also helps in extension of the wrist
• extensor digitorum

  muscle group -

  o - lateral epicondyle of the humerus

  i - extensor tendon expansion over phalanges of digits 2-5

  n - radial nerve

  a - extends the wrist joint
• extensor indicis

  muscle group -

  o - ulna

  i - extensor tendon expansion over digit two

  n - radial nerve

  a - extension of the second digit at metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints. It may also assist in wrist extension.
• extensor pollicis brevis

  muscle group -

  o - radius

  i - proximal phalanx of the thumb

  n - radial nerve

  a - extends the thumb at the metacarpophalangeal and carpometacarpal joints.
• extensor pollicis longus

  muscle group -

  o - ulna

  i - distal phalanx of the thumb

  n - radial nerve

  a - extends the interphalangeal joint of the distal phalanx of the thumb
• flexor carpi radialis

  o: medial epicondyle of humerus

  i: second and third metacarpal bones

  n: median nerve

  a: flexes wrist, assists in abduction of hand and wrist