The Government

• What was the purpose of the 1848 Public Health Act?

  To encourage cities in England and Wales to setup boards of health and provide clean water
• What prompted the 1848 Public Health Act?

  Edwin Chadwick's 'Report on the Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population' which showed people that lived in cities had a lower life expectancy compared to those in the countryside due to dirty and difficult living conditions
• What were the main recommendations made by Edwin Chadwick in his report?

  Better supplies of clean water and regular removal of waste
• What was Joseph Bazalgette's role in public health?

  He was employed to build a network of sewers under the streets of London
• How did Joseph Bazalgette's work impact cholera outbreaks?

  It reduced the risk and spread of cholera by removing waste
• What was the 1875 Public Health Act?

  made it compulsory for local councils to improve sewers, remove waste, provide clean water, and appoint medical officers to inspect public health facilities
• By the late 19th century, what change occurred in government attitudes towards vaccination programs?

  The government became more willing to consider vaccination programs
• Who were the key figures that influenced government attitudes towards vaccination?

  Jenner, Koch, and Pasteur
• Which diseases were specifically mentioned as being vaccinated against in the late 19th century?

  Rabies and typhoid
• What type of attitude did the government adopt throughout most of the 18th and 19th century?


  Laissez-faire (translates to leave well alone/let the people choose)
• When was most of London connected to the new sewerage system?

  1866