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• What was Nigeria a part of before becoming a member of the Commonwealth?

  The British Empire
• Which organization is known for its peacekeeping role that Nigeria is a member of?

  UN (United Nations)
• What are Nigeria's main imports?

  Refined oil, cars, and cocoa
• What dominates Nigeria's exports?

  Quality (low sulphur) crude oil (petroleum)
• Why does Nigeria still receive international aid despite economic growth?

  Because poverty remains common
• What are some challenges faced in rural areas of Nigeria?

  High birth rates and illiteracy
• What percentage of Nigeria's population lives on less than US$1.10?

  Over 60%
• What are some reasons official aid has been less successful in Nigeria?

  High levels of corruption and misuse of aid money
• What is a significant problem caused by previous and current governments in Nigeria regarding aid?

  Using aid money for other purposes
• What is a common issue with donor influence on aid in Nigeria?

  Donors have political influence over aid usage
• What is a key factor in the environmental challenges faced by Nigeria?

  Economic growth can negatively impact the environment
• What urban issue contributes to Nigeria's environmental problems?

  Squatter settlements and traffic congestion
• What is a major environmental issue caused by urban growth in Nigeria?

  Air pollution
• What is a consequence of chemical waste disposal in Nigeria?

  Pollution of groundwater
• What is desertification and how is it affected in Nigeria?

  It is a major problem worsened by irrigation and dam schemes
• How does commercial farming affect Nigeria's environment?

  It leads to land degradation and reduced biodiversity
• What is the impact of mining and oil extraction in Nigeria?

  It causes soil erosion and water pollution
• What is the relationship between Nigeria's HDI and its economic growth?

  Nigeria's HDI has been increasing, but poverty remains endemic
• What factors could influence the future improvement of quality of life in Nigeria?

  Political will, environmental awareness, and social tolerance
• What does GNI stand for?

  Gross National Income
• What does the Human Development Index (HDI) measure?

  Income, life expectancy, and years in education
• What is the significance of a high birth rate in poorer LICs?

  It ensures a decent family income and support for ageing relatives
• Why is infant mortality a good measure of development?

  It reflects a country's healthcare system
• What is the impact of water insecurity on agriculture?

  It leads to low food productivity
• What is desalinisation?

  Extracting salt from seawater to produce freshwater
• What is the purpose of water transfer schemes?

  To redistribute water from areas of surplus to areas of deficit
• What are the benefits of dams and reservoirs?

  They control river water flow and provide multiple uses
• What is the second largest consumer of water globally?

  Industry
• What is a potential consequence of increasing water demand?

  Water conflict over shared sources
• What does water security mean?

  Having access to enough safe, clean water
• What are some factors affecting water availability?

  Limited infrastructure and poverty
• What is a sustainable approach to water supply?

  Water conservation and recycling
• What is over-abstraction in water management?

  Pumping water out faster than it is replaced by rainfall
• What is the Wakel River Basin Project an example of?

  A successful project addressing over-abstraction of irrigation water
• What is the main use of energy in the UK?

  Electricity generation
• How has the UK's energy mix changed since the 1990s?

  Non-renewable fossil fuel use has declined in favor of renewables and nuclear
• What percentage of the UK's known oil and gas reserves have been exhausted?

  75%
• What are some future energy security concerns for the UK?

  Fracking, nuclear energy, and coal usage
• What is a significant environmental concern associated with fracking?

  Concerns about earthquakes and groundwater pollution
• What is a challenge associated with nuclear energy?

  It produces radioactive waste that needs safe storage