China

• Where is China located?


  China is located in East Asia. China shares land borders with 14 countries . e.g Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan. The China Sea is a part of the western Pacific Ocean that borders the Asian mainland to the east-southeast.
• What has caused economic growth for China?

  1. high population
  2. Coastline for trade
  3. bordering countries
  4. natural resources
• Why has population helped economic growth in China?

  • largest population in world (1.41 billion)
  • large workforce for industry
  • economic efficiency of products being created?
• Why have natural resources helped economic growth in China?


  • worth $23 million
  • 90% coal + rare material
  • used for manufacturing
  • trade + positive multiplier effect
• Why have bordering countries helped economic growth in China?


  • 14 bordering countries
  • numerous regional trade connections
  • economic profit
• Why has Coastline for Trade helped economic growth?


  • coastline with large sea ports
  • fast shipping routes
  • trade of manufactured products on large scale
• What are the advantages of a large population?


  1. family support
  2. economic growth
• What are the disadvantages of a large population?

  1. environmental damages
  2. lower per capita income
  3. resource deficiency
  4. strain on services
• Why is family support an advantage of a large population?


  adults provide financial care/assistance to all generations
• Why is economic growth an advantage of a large population?


  • increased production + workforce
  • tax revenue
  • growing labour force
• Why is resource depletion a disadvantage of a large population?

  depletions of countries mineral wealth
• Why is lower income per capita a disadvantage of a large population?


  • national income is distributed among more
  • leads to poverty + unemployment
• What are advantages of the one child-policy?


  1. fewer children to support
  2. controlled population growth
  3. economic growth
• Why did fewer children to support increase living standards from the one child policy?


  • families spend more on healthcare and education
  • improved quality of life
• Why was controlled population growth an advantage of the one child policy?


  • slowed rapid population increase
  • reduced strain on resources and services
• What are the disadvantages of the one child policy?


  1. gender imbalance
  2. ageing population
  3. social pressure
  4. loneliness
  5. impact on women
• Why was gender imbalance a disadvantage of the one child policy?


  • desire for boys + abandonment/abortion of girls
  • decreased birth rate
• Why was an ageing population a disadvantage of the one child policy?


  • fewer young people supporting elderly
  • strain on healthcare/pensions
  • economic strain- less of working age
• Why was impact on women a disadvantage of the one child policy?


  • pressure for 1 child
  • experienced forced abortions and sterilization
• Why was loneliness a disadvantage of the one child policy?


  • many grew up without siblings
  • overindulged with parents/grandparents - "little emperors"
• What is Industrialisation?


  The development of industries and manufacturing in a nation, including the increase in factories

  and a shift from the primary sector to the secondary sector.
• What are the positives of industrialisation?


  1. increased production/manufacturing
  2. political relationships
  3. attract more TNC's
  4. increased incomes
  5. job opportunities
• What are the negatives of industrialisation?


  1. increased pollution
  2. deforestation --> desertification
  3. left behind children in rural china
  4. inequality between rural and urban areas
• What is desertification?


  Desertification is the process in which land becomes

  infertile, as moisture and nutrients are removed from the soil.
• How does deforestation cause desertification?


  When animals graze, they remove vegetation from the ground.

  The removal of vegetation makes the soil looser and reduces the nutrient content resulting in erosion.
• How does over-cultivation lead to desertification?


  The roots of the trees bind the soil together, therefore when trees are cut down there are no longer roots to bind the soil.

  Soil can be easily be moved. This process is soil erosion. When the soil is eroded, nutrients are lost. This means the quality of the soil will decrease overtime.
• How does over-grazing cause desertification?


  When crops are planted, they remove moisture and nutrients from the soil. By continuously planting crops in the same soil, quality is reduced. Therefore no nutrients to support vegetation.
• What are the causes of desertification in China?


  1. Overcultivation
  2. Overgrazing
  3. Deforestation
  4. Climate Change
  5. Urbanisation + Industrialisation
  6. Unstainable water use
• What does the "yellow dragon" term refer to?


  Symbolizes the sand storms in China.
• What are impacts on sand storms in China?


  1. Health - respiratory problems
  2. Environmental - worse land degradation, spread desert further
  3. economic- damages to infrastructure and pricey clean-ups
• What is China's response to environmental issues?


  1. Clean Energy policies
  2. Great Green Wall
  3. Reforestation Programs
  4. Reducing Vehicle Emissions