Period 4 APush

• What time period does APUSH period 4 cover?

  1800 to 1848
• What is a major theme in APUSH period 4 regarding the federal and state governments?

  The role and relationship between the federal and state governments will continue to evolve
• What types of changes will the United States experience during this era?

  Rapid economic, territorial, and demographic changes
• How will sectionalism change during APUSH period 4?

  Sectionalism will increase and continue to be an issue
• What will happen to democratic rights during this period?

  Some Americans will gain the right to vote while others will be denied
• What will various reform movements aim to do during this time?

  They will seek to change American society
• How much will the size of the United States increase during this period?

  The size of the United States will more than double
• What was one of the goals of the United States after the War of 1812?

  To isolate itself from foreign affairs
• What demographic shift occurred in the United States from 1790 to 1830?

  The population began moving westward
• What were the main reasons for westward movement during this period?

  Natural population growth, immigration, and transportation improvements
• Which groups were the most significant immigrants during this period?

  The Irish, Germans, and English
• What invention by Eli Whitney significantly increased cotton production?

  The cotton gin
• What was a consequence of increased cotton production in the South?

  The increase of slavery as land was sought for cotton cultivation
• What significant land acquisition occurred in 1803?

  The Louisiana Purchase
• What period does Jeffersonian America cover?

  1800 to 1812
• Who were the main candidates in the election of 1800?

  John Adams and Thomas Jefferson
• What significant political change occurred in the election of 1800?

  Thomas Jefferson became the first Democratic Republican president.
• What is referred to as the Revolution of 1800?

  The first peaceful transfer of power between political parties.
• What did Jefferson mean by "we are all Republicans, we are all Federalists" in his inaugural address?

  He emphasized unity despite political differences.
• What did the Judiciary Act of 1801 do?

  It created new judicial positions to be filled with Federalist candidates.
• What are the "midnight appointments"?

  Judicial positions filled by Federalists at the end of Adams' presidency.
• Who sued Secretary of State James Madison leading to a significant Supreme Court case?

  William Marbury
• What was the outcome of Marbury v. Madison?

  The Supreme Court established the principle of judicial review.
• What does judicial review allow the Supreme Court to do?

  Declare federal laws unconstitutional.
• What were the core beliefs of the Jeffersonian Democratic Republican party?

  Strict interpretation of the Constitution and limited federal government.
• How did Jefferson's policies differ from Federalist policies?

  He reduced the size of the military and pardoned those arrested under the Sedition Act.
• What tax did Jefferson eliminate during his presidency?

  The excise tax on whiskey.
• What significant land purchase did Jefferson attempt during his presidency?

  The purchase of New Orleans and part of Florida from France.
• Why did Jefferson send James Monroe to negotiate the purchase of New Orleans?

  Spain ended the right of deposit granted in the Pinckney Treaty.
• What was Napoleon's offer regarding the Louisiana Territory?

  To sell all of the Louisiana Territory for $15 million.
• What constitutional principle did Jefferson use to justify the Louisiana Purchase?

  The power to make treaties.
• What was the impact of the Louisiana Purchase on the size of the United States?

  It doubled the size of the United States.
• How did the Louisiana Purchase align with Jefferson's vision for America?

  It supported his vision of an agrarian society of independent farmers.
• What was one consequence of the Louisiana Purchase for the Federalist Party?

  It weakened the Federalist Party as the territory was agricultural.
• Who led the scientific exploration of the trans-Mississippi West?

  Lewis and Clark
• What was the significance of Lewis and Clark's expedition?

  It began U.S. claims to the Oregon territory and the Pacific Coast.
• What controversial action did Aaron Burr take during Jefferson's presidency?

  He plotted to secede New England states from the Union.
• What was the outcome of the duel between Aaron Burr and Alexander Hamilton?

  Aaron Burr killed Alexander Hamilton.
• What was the political consequence for Aaron Burr after the duel?

  His political career was effectively over.
• What was the Embargo Act of 1807?

  A law that banned all U.S. trade with foreign nations.