germany unit 1: weimar 1918-29

• Who became President after Kaiser Wilhelm stood down?

  Ebert (SPD)
• Why was Ebert nicknamed the November Criminal?

  Because many felt the war was given up too easily
• What event occurred in November 1918?

  Armistice
• What were the consequences for Germany after the Treaty of Versailles?

  Germany was forced to accept blame for the war and pay reparations
• How much did Germany have to pay in reparations?

  6 billion
• What limitations were placed on the German army by the Treaty of Versailles?

  The army was limited to 100,000 troops with no planes or ships
• What territories did Germany lose as a result of the Treaty of Versailles?

  Saar and Alsace Lorraine
• What was the Spartacist Uprising?

  A left-wing group attempted to seize control and establish a communist government
• Who were the leaders killed during the Spartacist Uprising?

  Rosa Luxembourg & Karl Liebknecht
• What was the Kapp Putsch?

  A coup attempt by Wolfgang Kapp and the Freikorps to establish a new government
• What halted the Kapp Putsch?

  A general strike lasting 5 days
• What was the Weimar Constitution?

  A document that established a democratic government in Germany
• How often would the president be elected under the Weimar Constitution?

  Every 7 years
• What power did the president have in an emergency according to the Weimar Constitution?

  The president could bypass parliament using Article 48
• What event occurred in January 1923?

  Invasion of Ruhr
• What was the consequence of the French invasion of the Ruhr?

  Workers went on strike and refused to produce goods
• How many people were killed during the protests in the Ruhr?

  100
• What was the impact of printing more money to pay striking workers in the Ruhr?

  It led to hyperinflation and the money became worthless
• What was introduced in November 1923 to stabilize the economy?

  Rentenmark
• What was the Dawes Plan?

  A plan that provided American loans to help rebuild German industry
• How much money did Stresemann secure in American loans under the Dawes Plan?

  2800 million
• What was the significance of the Locarno Treaty for Germany?

  It proved Germany could be trusted and accepted back into international confidence
• In what year did Germany join the League of Nations?

  1926
• Who became president in 1925 and restored confidence in the Weimar Republic?

  Hindenburg
• What were some indicators of recovery in Germany by 1927?

  Wages were rising, land value increased, and benefits were paid
• What significant cultural development occurred in German cinema in 1927?

  German cinema experienced a Golden Age
• What challenges did women face in the workforce during this period?

  Many women were forced out of jobs in favor of men
• What was the unemployment rate among the working class population by 1928?

  6%
• What did the Young Plan achieve in 1929?

  It reduced German reparations further by 75% and removed foreign troops from the Rhineland
• What was the significance of the Armistice in November 1918?

  It marked the end of World War I for Germany.
• What role did the Freikorps play in the Spartacist Uprising?

  They were used to crush the uprising and kill its leaders.
• How did the Weimar Constitution impact German democracy?

  It established a democratic framework with proportional representation.
• What were the economic consequences of hyperinflation on different social classes?

  Those in debt benefited while those on fixed incomes suffered.
• What does the number of chancellors in the Weimar Republic indicate about its political stability?

  It reflects significant political instability and frequent changes in leadership.
• What was the cultural impact of the Golden Age of German cinema?

  It showcased German talent and innovation in film.