Chem Vocab Test Unit 4

• Chemical Bond - 2 atoms join together to form a molecule.
• Ionic Bond - bond formed by the transfer of electrons
• Octet Rule - the goal most atoms have to have a full valence shell of electrons, usually consisting of 8 electrons
• Duet Rule - small atoms, such as hydrogen, helium and lithium need only 2 electrons to fill their valence shells
• Ion - an atom with a charge due to a transfer of electrons
• Cation - a positive ion formed by the loss of electrons
• Anion - a negative ion formed by gaining electrons
• Electrolyte - a substance whose aqueous solution conducts an electrical current due to the presence of mobile ions
• Polyatomic Ion - a bundle of atoms that acts as a single unit with a charge
• Oxidation State - number assigned to keep track of electron gain or loss in redox reactions
• Covalent Bond - a bond between two nonmetals where they share electrons
• Single Bond - only one pair of electrons is shared between two atoms
•  Double Bond - sharing two pairs (4 total) electrons between two atoms
•  Triple Bond - the sharing of three pairs (6 electrons) between two atoms
• Molecular Compound - a substance with covalent bonds
• Metallic Bonding - the attraction of valence electrons for the positive nucleus of metallic atoms, gives metals their properties, based on the sea of mobile electrons