threats to energy pathways and energy security

Created by

Elsie Coote

Cards (26)

example of states insecurity domestic fossil fuel reserves
countries like Italy and Japan have few of their own resources
example of states insecurity domestic renewable potential
small, crowded nations like Singapore and South Korea lack renewable potential
example of states insecurity domestic energy mix
France relies heavily on nuclear power, and the UK on gas
example of states insecurity import pathway mix 
the UK imports gas from Russia and Qatar, both long distance pathways
what are energy pathways? 
flows of energy from producer to consumer
what are some ways energy is transported?
pipelines (oil and gas), bulk carriers (coal, uranium), LNG tankers (gas) or oil tankers
electricity is also imported and exported
what do energy pathways rely on? 
bilateral and multilateral agreement between governments
what is a bilateral agreements? 
treaty/agreements between two states
what is multilateral agreements? 
treaty/agreement with two or more sovereign states
what are transit states? 
countries that host pipelines, carrying energy from one place to another
examples of pipelines  
east siberian pacific ocean (espo)
yamal -european pipeline (russia, poland, germany, austria)
keystone (canada, texas)
transmed
west-east gas pipeline project (WEPP)
kazakhstan- china oil pipeline
why did the energy prices go up in the UK? 
competition from asian markets
how much it relies on gas from russia
why is France not suffering from problems with energy supply? 
they own nuclear power stations
how are Norway and Sweden no being effected by energy supply? 
hydroelectric power
how does Germany avoid problems with it's energy supply? 
it's huge amounts of oil
why does Britian have problems with energy supply?
it uses lots of natural gas but have limited capacity for keeping it in storage, so has to rely on imports
why is the UK's energy supply not being supplemented by France anymore? 
the system of transportation was badly damaged by a recent fire
why is energy price caps a problem for customers? 
when small companies lost all their money and went bankrupt, then large companies won't take on accounts from failed rivals
why may energy pathways be disrupted? 
price and payment disputes
piracy
terrorism and conflicts
political discord
diversion of supply
technical disruptions
supply runs out
natural disaster
why are choke points important for transport of oil? 
disruption to narrow ocean choke points could seriously affect the flow of oil
choke points around the world 
Panama Canal
Suez Canal
Straight of Malacca
what % of world gas reserves do Russia and the Middle East hold? 
Russia- 25%
the Middle East- 40%
2009 Russia and Ukraine gas dispute 
Russia blames Ukraine for stopping transit of gas
Ukraine says that Russia are sending too little gas that is viable for their lack of technology
Russia has doubled its prices for Ukraine
2014 - Russia takes over Crimea
2021 - Russia invades Ukraine
what is energy dependency? 
a measure that calculates the proportion of total energy consumption that is dependent upon imported energy
what is peak oil? 
the point at which the worlds production of petroleum reaches it maximum rate
when did the world meet peak oil? 
2008 - we are using more then we had