Respiration

• Respiration is the process of transferring energy from glucose, which goes on in every cell
• Respiration is an exothermic process
• Respiration builds large molecules from small ones : like proteins from amino acids
• Respiration in animals allows the muscles to contract
• Respiration in mammals and birds keeps their body temperature steady in colder surroundings
• Aerobic respiration is respiration using oxygen and it is the most efficient way to transfer energy from glucose
• Most aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria
• $C_6H_{12}O_6+$$6O_2\rightarrow 6CO_2+$$6H_2O$


  $glucose +$$oxygen \rightarrow carbon \: dioxide +$$water$
• Anaerobic respiration is used when the body cannot supply enough oxygen to muscles
• Anaerobic respiration is the incomplete braking down of glucose
• $glucose \rightarrow lactic \:acid$


  As the oxidation of glucose is incomplete in anaerobic respiration much less energy is transferred than in aerobic respiration.
• $glucose \rightarrow ethenol +$$carbon \: dioxide$


  Anaerobic respiration in yeast cells is called fermentation : this makes bread rise and produces alcohol