Sience mick

• What is the main focus of the learning objectives regarding a balanced diet?

  To name components of a balanced diet and explain their roles
• Why is it important to give examples of foods rich in the key components of a balanced diet?

  To illustrate practical sources of essential nutrients
• What are the consequences of a diet low in Vitamin C?

  It can lead to scurvy and weakened immune function
• What are the consequences of a diet low in Calcium?

  It can lead to weakened bones and osteoporosis
• How does food supply energy to the body?

  Food provides calories that the body converts into energy
• What are the consequences of an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure?

  It can lead to weight gain or loss depending on the imbalance

  
• What are the components of a balanced diet?

  Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water

  
• Why might different groups of people have different energy requirements?

  Due to variations in age, activity level, and metabolism
• What is a 'Balanced Diet'?

  A diet that includes the right proportions of all food groups

  
• What information is always included on food packets?

  Calories and amounts of food groups, including vitamins and minerals
• Why should we not eat excessive amounts of fats?

  Because it can lead to health issues like obesity and heart disease
• What does a traffic light system on food labels indicate?

  It shows the nutritional value and healthiness of the food
• What is the role of enzymes in digestion?

  They speed up the reactions of digestion
• How do enzymes bind to a substrate?

  Using their active site

  
• What happens to the products formed by enzymes after a reaction?

  They are released from the active site
• What does the 'lock and key' model explain about enzymes?

  It illustrates how the enzyme's active site and substrate fit together

  
• What is the function of salivary glands in digestion?

  They release saliva, which contains enzymes for digestion
• What does the stomach release to aid digestion?

  Hydrochloric acid and enzymes
• What is the role of the pancreas in digestion?

  It releases digestive enzymes into the small intestine
• Where does most digestion take place?

  In the small intestine
• What is absorbed in the large intestine?

  Water
• What is the function of villi in the small intestine?

  To increase the surface area for absorption
• How is the small intestine adapted for quick absorption of food?

  It has a large surface area and thin walls

  
• What does Visking tubing model in digestion experiments?

  The wall of the small intestine
• How can we test for the presence of starch in a solution?

  By using iodine

  
• What color change indicates the presence of starch when tested with iodine?

  Blue-black

  
• How can we test for glucose in a solution?

  By using Benedict's solution and heating it
• What color change indicates the presence of glucose when tested with Benedict's solution?

  Brick red
• What is the circulatory system's role in nutrient transport?

  It transports dissolved nutrients around the body
• What is the function of the small intestine?

  To absorb digested food into the bloodstream
• Why is a large surface area beneficial in the small intestine?

  It allows for more efficient absorption of nutrients

  
• What happens to people with coeliac disease regarding nutrient absorption?

  They may become weak and ill due to reduced nutrient absorption
• What is the role of enzymes in the digestive system?

  To catalyze the breakdown of food into smaller molecules
• What is the name of the enzyme that breaks down starch?

  Amylase

  
• Where is amylase produced?

  In the salivary glands and pancreas
• What is the function of the stomach in digestion?

  To store food and release digestive juices
• What is the role of the large intestine?

  To absorb water and leave waste material
• What is the function of the oesophagus?

  To transport food from the mouth to the stomach
• What is absorbed in the small intestine?

  Nutrients from digested food
• What is the role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

  To kill bacteria and provide an acidic environment for enzymes