Results of Cleisthenes reforms

• In the years following Cleisthenes reforms, king Cleomenes of Sparta attempted to invade Athens on three occasions
• Hippias had gone to the Persians after his exile -> tried to become reinstalled as tyrant of Athens in 504
• Cleisthenes‘ reforms (for Athenian Citizens) meant that they could carve a new citizen identity for himself which gave him a greater share in government as well as a greater sense of civic equality
• The use of sortition presupposed that all citizens were ready and able to serve competently in Government
• the creation of the ten tribes, each one with 3 regional constituencies, broke down the old established power structures and encouraged Athenians to identify with people from others parts of Attica
• The insistence that a citizen identifies himself with his deme and not his ancestry also broke down the traditional class association