Study Question Four

• Q4. Describe the interaction between the respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal systems.
• Respiratory System

  • Brings in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide which is a waste product of cellular metabolism.
  • Air enters lungs, where oxygen diffuses into blood. Carbon dioxide moves from blood into lungs to be exhaled.
  • Exchange happens in alveoli within the lungs. Oxygenated blood is then transported to heart via pulmonary veins.
• Cardiovascular System

  • Consists of heart and blood vessels.
  • Transports oxygenated blood from lungs to body.
  • Heart pumps oxygenated blood from left side to body and deoxygenated blood back to the lungs by the right side.
  • Circulatory system also carries nutrients, hormones, and waste products, including carbon dioxide to and from tissues.
  • Response to increased activity, the cardiovascular system adjusts blood flow, ensuring muscles and organs receive adequate oxygen and nutrients.
• Renal System

  • Kidneys essential in filtering waste products from the blood and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance.
  • Regulate blood volume and pressure by adjusting amount of water and salt excreted.
• Interactions between Systems

  • Oxygen and carbon dioxide regulation
  • Acid base balance
  • Fluid and electrolyte balance
• • Oxygen and carbon dioxide regulation.
  • Respiratory system and cardiovascular system work to ensure tissues receive oxygen and can remove carbon dioxide.
  • If carbon dioxide levels rise in blood, respiratory system increases rate of breathing to expel more.
  • While cardiovascular system increases blood flow to enhance oxygen delivery and waste removal.
• • Acid base balance.
  • Respiratory system and renal system play roles in regulating blood pH.
  • Respiratory system adjusts the rate of carbon dioxide removal, since it influences blood pH.
  • Renal system excrete or retain bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. If carbon dioxide levels rise, making blood more acidic, kidneys buffer this effect by retaining bicarbonate and excreting hydrogen ions.
• • Fluid and electrolyte balance.
  • Cardiovascular system and renal system are interdependent for blood pressure and fluid balance.
  • Renal system filter blood to regulate fluid volume.
  • Cardiovascular system adjusts heart rate and blood vessel diameter to maintain blood pressure.
  • If renal system detect low blood pressure, they can release hormones.
  • Hormones prompt cardiovascular system to constrict blood vessels, increasing pressure.
• Describe the interaction between the respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal systems.

  The respiratory system and cardiovascular system work to ensure tissues of the body receive enough oxygen to function and can remove the carbon dioxide. If carbon dioxide were to rise in blood, the respiratory system responds by increasing the rate of breathing to expel more carbon dioxide. As this happens, the cardiovascular system increases blood flow to enhance oxygen delivery and waste removal.
• Describe the interaction between the respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal systems.

  The respiratory system and renal system both play important roles in the regulation of blood pH levels. The respiratory system adjusts the rate of carbon dioxide removal, since carbon dioxide influences blood pH. The renal system can excrete or retain bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. If carbon dioxide levels rise it makes blood more acidic, so kidneys buffer this effect by retaining bicarbonate and excreting hydrogen ions.
• Describe the interaction between the respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal systems.

  The cardiovascular system and renal system are interdependent when it comes to blood pressure and fluid balance. The renal system filters blood to regulate fluid volume. The cardiovascular system adjusts the heart rate and blood vessel diameter to maintain blood pressure. If the renal system were to detect low blood pressure, it can release hormones. These hormones prompt the cardiovascular system to constrict blood vessels, thus increasing pressure.