CARDIO

Cards (102)

  • What type of tissue is blood?
    Connective tissue
  • What is the total blood volume for an average adult female?
    4 to 5 liters
  • What is the total blood volume for an average adult male?
    5 to 6 liters
  • What percentage of total body weight does blood constitute?
    8%
  • How does blood help maintain homeostasis?
    1. Transport of gases, nutrients, and waste
    2. Transport of processed molecules
    3. Transport of regulatory molecules
    4. Regulation of pH and osmosis
    5. Maintenance of body temperature
    6. Protection against foreign substances
    7. Clot formation
  • What does blood transport from the lungs to the cells?
    Oxygen
  • What does blood carry from the cells to the lungs?
    Carbon dioxide
  • What does blood transport from the digestive tract to the cells?
    Nutrients, ions, and water
  • What is the role of blood in transporting processed molecules?
    It carries substances to be modified
  • Where is the precursor to vitamin D produced?
    In the skin
  • What does lactate produced by skeletal muscles get converted into?
    Glucose
  • What do buffers in the blood help regulate?
    Blood pH
  • How does blood help maintain body temperature?
    By moving warm blood to the surface
  • What role do certain cells and chemicals in blood play?
    Protection against foreign substances
  • What is the function of blood clotting?
    To protect against excessive blood loss
  • What is plasma?
    The liquid part of the blood
  • What percentage of plasma is water?
    91%
  • What do globulins do in plasma?
    Transport substances and protect microorganisms
  • What are the three groups of plasma proteins?
    Albumin, globulins, fibrinogen
  • What is the primary function of albumin in plasma?
    Regulating movement of water
  • What is hematopoiesis?
    The process of blood cell production
  • What is the role of fibrinogen in plasma?
    Formation of blood clots
  • Where does hematopoiesis occur in adults?
    Primarily in red bone marrow
  • What replaces red marrow in other body locations in adults?
    Yellow marrow
  • What are erythrocytes?
    Red blood cells
  • How many red blood cells are in males per microliter?
    About 5.4 million
  • How many red blood cells are in females per microliter?
    About 4.8 million
  • What is the main component of red blood cells?
    Hemoglobin
  • What is the diameter of normal red blood cells?
    1. 5 μm
  • What is hemoglobin composed of?
    Four subunits, each with heme
  • What are the three forms of hemoglobin?
    Embryonic, fetal, and adult
  • What happens to embryonic hemoglobin by the third month of development?
    It is replaced with fetal hemoglobin
  • What color is oxyhemoglobin?
    Bright red
  • What color is deoxyhemoglobin?
    Dark red
  • How many oxygen molecules can one hemoglobin carry?
    Up to 4 oxygen molecules
  • What are the three factors contributing to iron deficiency anemia?
    Decreasing RBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit
  • What is another name for iron deficiency anemia?
    Worldwide Anemia
  • Why is RBC red?
    Due to hemoglobin content
  • What is the main content of hemoglobin?
    Iron
  • What happens to old or damaged RBC?
    They are removed by macrophages