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FINALS 1.1: NURSING
ANAPHY LEC
MUSCULAR
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Created by
Julia Miras
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Cards (127)
What supports most of the weight of the legs and body?
Fibula
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What is the role of the fibula?
It acts as a support to the
tibia
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What bones make up the foot?
Seven
tarsal
bones
Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular
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What does the talus articulate with?
Tibia
and
fibula
to form the
ankle joint
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What is the largest and longest bone in the foot?
Calcaneus
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Where is the calcaneus located?
Inferiorly to the
talus
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What shape is the navicular bone?
Boat
shaped
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What does the navicular lie between?
Talus
posteriorly and
cuneiforms
anteriorly
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What are the types of joints in the body?
Ball-and-socket
Hinge
Pivot
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How does a ball-and-socket joint function?
Round
end of bone fits snugly within another
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Give an example of a ball-and-socket joint.
Head of the
femur
and
acetabulum
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What type of movement do ball-and-socket joints allow?
Multiaxial movement
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What prevents bones in a ball-and-socket joint from sliding past each other?
Fluids
within the joint
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What is the movement characteristic of hinge joints?
Movement in one direction or
uniaxially
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Give examples of hinge joints.
Knee
and
elbow
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What is the smallest muscle in the body?
Stapedius
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How does a pivot joint function?
Bone
resting atop another allowing free movement
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What is the largest muscle in the body?
Gluteus Maximus
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How many muscles are there in the human body?
About 650
muscles
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What are the functions of the muscular system?
Body Movement
Maintenance of
Posture
Respiration
Production of Body Heat
Communication
Constriction of organs and vessels
Heart Beat
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What is the role of skeletal muscles in body movement?
Contraction
of skeletal muscles enables movement
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How do skeletal muscles maintain posture?
By constantly maintaining
tone
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What muscles are responsible for respiration?
Muscles of the
thorax
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How do skeletal muscles contribute to body heat production?
Heat is released as a by-product of
contraction
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What is the normal body temperature range?
36-37
degrees Celsius
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What temperature indicates a fever?
38 degrees Celsius
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What temperature indicates a mild fever?
37.5
degrees Celsius
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How do skeletal muscles aid in communication?
Involved in
speaking
, writing, and gesturing
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What is the role of smooth muscle in organs and vessels?
Causes
constriction
to propel and mix substances
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How does cardiac muscle contribute to the heart's function?
Causes
the
heart
to beat and pump
blood
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What are the types of muscle tissue?
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
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What is the appearance of skeletal muscle?
Striated
,
long
, and
cylindrical
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What percentage of body weight does skeletal muscle constitute?
About
40%
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What functions does skeletal muscle perform?
Locomotion
,
facial expressions
, posture
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How does the nervous system control skeletal muscles?
Voluntarily
controls their functions
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What is the appearance of smooth muscle?
Non-striated
and
spindle-shaped
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Where is smooth muscle found?
In walls of
hollow organs
and
blood vessels
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What functions does smooth muscle perform?
Propelling
urine
and mixing
food
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What is the appearance of cardiac muscle?
Cylindrical
,
branched
, and
striated
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Where is cardiac muscle found?
Only in the
heart
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