Western art history and movements (Greece and Rome)

• Describe the phrase "Know thyself" of the greeks.

  
  

  While the Egyptians fixed their eyes on the afterlife and the Paleoithic World dominated by beasts, the mindset of the Greek was towards full self-awareness.

  
  

  Man is what matters, being the "measure of all things."
• Descibe the "Idealism" of greeks.


  Greeks were aware of man's intelligence and his power because of that intelligence. He knew himself to be far above the beasts and focused his life here on Earth to striving for what was IDEAL.

  The search for the ideal was seen in his close study of the human form. His depiction of Gods proved that he was aware of man's importance.
• Sub Periods of Greece (according to date)

  Geometric

  Archaic

  Classical

  Hellenistic
• Enumerate all the examples of sculpture in greece


  Egyptian sculpture(?)

  Greek Kourus

  Greek Kritios Boy

  Greek Doryphoros

  Riace bronzes

  Laocoon and his sons

  Kore

  Aphrodite of Melos/Venus de Milo

  Old Market Woman
• What is this sculpture?


  Egyptian sculpture

  
• What is this?

  Greek Kourus,

  Rigid and Formal stance

  
• What is this?

  Greek Kritios Boy,

  
  

  Natural Pose, shift weight to one leg

  
• What is this?

  Greek Doryphoros, the Canon, Contrapposto

  
  

  Calm, Serene, Natural, Ideal human proportions

  Most of its weight is in one foot

  
• What is this?

  Riace Bronzes

  
  

  Bronze statue of naked, bearded warriors

  
• What is this?

  Laocoon and his sons

  Trojan priest Laocoon and his sons attacked by sea serpents.

  
• What is this?

  Kore

  Statue of a young woman

  
• what is this?

  Aphrodite of Melos/ Venus of milo (Hellenestic Period)

  
• What is this

  Old market woman

  
• Architecture:

  Greek Orders of architecture:

  Doric

  Ionic

  Corinthian
• Doric Architecture


  Shorter, sturdy, no base Example: Parthenon of athens

  
• Ionic


  Taller and thinner than Doric, with flutes (vertical grooves). It has a base. Distinguished by volutes (spiral scrolls) on either side.

  Ex: Temple of athena nike

  
• Corinthian Order


  Similar to ionic and height and proportion, with detailed base.

  Highly ornate, featuring acanthus leaves and floral patterns.

  
• Parthenonis found where? and what is it referred to as well?

  in Acropolis, Greece

  a.k.a. the temple of the virgin goddess
• What is the purpose of the Parthenon?


  Built for the goddess Athena, who is the parton of Athens.
• Parthenon contributors:


  Commissioned by: Pericles

  Chief Sculptor: Phidias

  Architects: Ictinus and Callicrates
• The floor of the Parthenon was?


  Curved in the middle to prevent the "sagging" effect of massive vertical Doric Columns.
• Entasis (of parthenon)is?


  Delicate convexity of the columns as they diminish in diameter toward the top.
• Parthenon pedimental sculpture


  Birth of Athena

  
• Another parthenon pedimental sculpture is?


  Battle of Athena and Poseidon

  
• These are the surviving sets of what were originally 92 square carved plaques of Pentelic marble originally located above the columns of the Parthenon peristyle on the Acropolis of Athens


  Metope Sculpture

  
• What is this?

  Chryselephantine - a sculpture of Athena