blood glucose regulation

• homeostasis = maintaining a constant internal environment
• why does homeostasis occur?

  to ensure that chemical reactions in the body take place efficently
• what need to be kept constant to ensure chemical reactions in body = efficient?


  temperature, pH, water and glucose levels
• hormones = chemical messengers that travel in blood, help homeostasis
• blood glucose too high = insulin
• blood glucose too low = glucagon
• carbohydrate meal leads to -> blood glucose too high
• carbohydrate meal -> too high -> pancreas recognises level -> releases insulin into blood -> liver converts excess glucose into insoluble glycogen and stores it -> pancreas detects decrease in blood glucose -> stops releasing insulin
• glycogen is a group of glucose
• why is glycogen stored?

  so it is available to be released when blood glucose levels are too low
• exercise -> blood glucose levels low -> pancreas recognises level -> releases glucagon into blood -> liver converts glycogen back into glucose -> releases into blood -> pancreas detects increase in blood glucose -> stops releasing glucagon
• hormones are made of protein
• glucose is a sugar in the blood
• glycogen is a group of glucose stored in the liver
• negative feedback = the hormonal and nervous systems compensating for change and restoring balance of any change from balance in optimal internal conditions
• regulating blood glucose, body temperature and water levels are...?

  examples of negative feedback
• which is the organ that detects a change in blood glucose levels and releases insulin/glucose?


  the pancreas
• green/yellow benedict's = small amount of glucose
• orange benedict's = medium amount of glucose
• Biuret tests for protein
• Positive biuret test (protein present) = violet
• negative biuret test (protein absent) = stays blue