[2.5] Critical Consumption of Journal Article

• LITERATURE MINING


  used to identify research gaps
• SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES


  how scholars and researchers communicate with each other
• TEXTBOOKS, WEBSITES, OR POPULAR SOURCES

  • Useful starting point for gathering general information on a particular subject or topic.
  • Contain seminal works and broad topics.
• JOURNAL ARTICLES

  • provide the most current scholarly information on a particular subject topic.
  • contains recent works on a specific topic/topics.
• JOURNAL ARTICLE

  • shorter than books and present the most recent research
  • written about specific topic and are written by experts
• JOURNAL


  a collection of articles (like a magazine) that is published regularly throughout the year
• ABSTRACT

  • condensed write-up of a journal article usually limited to 200 to 300 words
  • concisely provides the research questions, objective of the research, methodology, results, and conclusion.
• INTRODUCTION

  • outlines the research context and questions that the study will address
  • familiarizes the reader with the background of the study, the research problem, and why was the study is conducted
• MATERIALS AND METHODS


  explain the research design and discuss how the research was carried out
• RESEARCH DESIGN


  complete sequence of steps or procedures that need to be followed when obtaining the data needed for the investigation
• MATERIALS AND METHODS


  describe in sufficient detail the raw and processed materials used in the study and how they were used
• MATERIALS AND METHODS

  • includes the what data and informations were collected and how are they processed and analyzed
  • this includes the conceptual framework, theoretical framework, or the experimental design
• CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK


  illustrate the variables in the study and the relationships you expect to find between them
• THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK


  consists of concepts and, together with their definitions and reference to relevant

  scholarly literature, existing theory that is used for your particular study
• EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN


  the process of planning and organizing scientific experiments in order to obtain reliable and meaningful results from collected data
• RESULTS


  the analyzed data that is used to answer research questions
• DISCUSSION


  connects the study findings to past research and relevant issues by further explaining the results of the study
• RESULT AND DISCUSSION


  will provide the evidence needed for the conclusion
• TABLES AND FIGURES


  commonly use to present data
• PRESENTED DATA


  usually followed by analysis, interpretation, and discussion to gain significance
• DISCUSSION


  should propose explanation from the trends, patterns, and deviation from the hypothesis
• DISCUSSION


  should relate the data to relevant previous works
• CONCLUSION

  • Reminds the reader of the research questions and the main results/findings and states the significance/importance of the study
  • Answer the research question and provide recommendations and based on the results of the study
• ABSTRACT

  • purpose of the study (research gap and/or question)
  • methodology
  • results
  • conclusions
• RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS


  • provides answer to the research questions mentioned in the abstract and in the introduction
  • explains how the results support the conclusion of the study
• INTRODUCTION

  • further stimulate your interest in the study by elaborating the research gap, research questions, and hypotheses
  • provide a larger context of the study
• EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH


  comprises of a hypothesis and variable, which can be measured, calculated, and compared in a controlled environment
• CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH


  to identify variables that have a connection (association) in a way that a change in one affects a change
• DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH


  describes the specific qualities and rather important differences to generate conclusions in research
• EXPERIMENTS


  establish causal relationship between dependent variables and independent variable
• SURVEYING


  collecting data by asking questions or gathering information from a sample or population
• REPRODUCIBILITY


  If the research design ensures that you can obtain the same or similar results using identical conditions and materials
• REPLICATION


  experiments should be repeated several times
• RANDOMIZATION


  assignment of experimental subjects by chance
• VALIDITY


  the procedures employed in the research design is appropriate for and relevant to the study
• LIKERT SCALE


  popular type of rating scale used to measure attitudes, opinions, or perceptions in surveys and questionnaires