5.1.1

• What is the Arrhenius Equation?

  k = Ae$-Ea/RT$
• What is a Clock Reaction?

  A reaction measuring time for a visible change
• What does the rate constant (k) represent in the Arrhenius Equation?

  It relates reaction rate to temperature
• What does Colorimetry measure?

  The amount of light absorbed by a solution
• How is a calibration curve used in Colorimetry?

  To relate absorbance to concentration
• What does a Concentration-time Graph plot on the axes?

  Concentration on y-axis and time on x-axis
• What does the gradient of a Concentration-time Graph represent?

  The rate of reaction
• What is Continuous Monitoring in a rate experiment?

  Taking continuous measurements as the reaction progresses
• What happens to the rate when the concentration of a first order reactant is doubled?

  The rate also doubles
• What is the formula for Gradient?

  Change in y ÷ change in x
• What is Half-life (t1/2)?

  The time for concentration to halve
• What is Initial Rate?

  The rate at t=0
• What does Order refer to in a reaction?

  A number relating rate to reactant concentrations
• What is Overall Order?

  The sum of the orders of each reactant
• What is Rate Constant (k)?

  A constant relating rate to reactant concentrations
• How can k be determined for a first order reaction?

  Using k = ln (2/t)x1/2
• What does a Rate-concentration Graph plot on the axes?

  Concentration on x-axis and rate on y-axis
• What is the Rate-determining Step?

  The slowest step of a reaction
• What does the Rate equation relate?

  Rate to reactant concentrations and rate constant
• What is the Rate of Reaction?

  A measure of how quickly reactants are used
• What is a Reaction Mechanism?

  A step-by-step sequence of reactions
• What happens when the concentration of a second order reactant is doubled?

  The rate quadruples
• What happens when the concentration of a zero order reactant is doubled?

  No impact on the rate
• What is a Catalyst?

  A substance that speeds up a reaction
• What does Concentration measure?

  Amount of substance per unit volume
• What is an Endothermic reaction?

  A reaction that takes in energy
• What is Equilibrium in a reaction?

  Forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate
• What is the Equilibrium Constant (K)?

  Relates products and reactants at equilibrium
• How does temperature affect the Equilibrium Constant (K)?

  K is affected by temperature changes
• What is Heterogeneous Equilibrium?

  Involves substances in different states
• What is Homogeneous Equilibrium?

  Involves substances all in the same state
• What is Kc?

  The equilibrium constant for concentrations
• What does Kc exclude in heterogeneous expressions?

  Liquids and solids