chp12. acid and bases

• Arrhenius acid

  substance that dissociates in water to produce h+ ions
• Arrhenius strong acid


  substance that almost completely dissociates in water to give hydrogen ions
• Arrhenius weak acid


  substance that slightly dissociates in water to give hydrogen ions
• Arrhenius base

  substance that dissociates in water to produce OH- ions
• Arrhenius strong base

  substance that almost completely dissociates in water to give hydroxide ions
• Arrhenius weak base

  substance that only slightly dissociates in water to give hydroxide ions
• Bronsted-lowery acid

  a proton donor
• Bronsted lowery base

  proton acceptor
• Bronsted-lowery 


  strong acid is a good proton donor

  weak acid is a poor proton donor

  strong base is a good proton acceptor

  weak base is a poor proton acceptor
• acid changes into its conjugate base when it donates a proton
• base changes into its conjugate acid when it accepts a proton
• conjugate acid-base pair is any pair consisting of an acid and a base that differ by one proton
• salt

  substance formed when the hydrogen ion from an acid is replaced by a metal or an ammonium ion
• Neutralisation


  reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water