Sexual reproduction

• What are gametes in sexual reproduction?

  Reproductive cells like sperm and egg cells
• What is sexual reproduction?

  Combining genetic information from two organisms
• What happens at fertilization?

  A male gamete fuses with a female gamete
• How many chromosomes do gametes contain?

  Half the number of normal cells
• What is a zygote?

  A fertilized egg with a full set of chromosomes
• What process does the zygote undergo after fertilization?

  Cell division by mitosis
• How does the embryo inherit chromosomes?

  It receives a mixture from both parents
• Where does meiosis occur in humans?

  In the reproductive organs
• What is the main difference between meiosis and mitosis?

  Meiosis produces genetically different cells
• What happens to DNA before meiosis starts?

  It duplicates to ensure enough for new cells
• How are chromosomes arranged during the first division of meiosis?

  They line up in pairs in the center
• What happens to the chromosome pairs during meiosis?

  They are pulled apart into new cells
• What are gametes?

  Haploid cells with a single set of chromosomes
• What is the result of the second division in meiosis?

  Four haploid daughter cells are produced
• What is a key advantage of asexual reproduction?

  It produces many offspring quickly
• Why can asexual reproduction allow rapid colonization?

  Because the reproduction cycle is fast
• What is a disadvantage of asexual reproduction?

  No genetic variation among offspring
• How does sexual reproduction contribute to genetic variation?

  It mixes genes from two parents
• Why do organisms need to find mates in sexual reproduction?

  To produce offspring with genetic variation
• What is a disadvantage of sexual reproduction?

  It takes more time and energy
• What is a challenge for polar bears regarding sexual reproduction?

  They may have to travel far to find mates
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of asexual reproduction?

  Advantages:

  • Produces many offspring quickly
  • Requires only one parent
  • Can colonize new areas rapidly

  
  

  Disadvantages:

  • No genetic variation
  • Vulnerable to environmental changes
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of sexual reproduction?

  Advantages:

  • Creates genetic variation
  • Increases chances of survival in changing environments

  
  

  Disadvantages:

  • Takes more time and energy
  • Requires two parents