Key terms

• Empirically - from experience
• Rationally- logic, deduction, reason
• A priori - knowledge that is independent of sense perception, such as mathematical truths or logical principles.
• A posteriori - knowledge based on sensory experiences or observations.
• A priori - knowledge that is independent of sense perception or empirical evidence.
• Deductive reasoning - the process of deriving specific conclusions from general premises.
• Synthetic statements - propositions whose truth value cannot be determined solely through analysis of their meanings but require observation or experimentation to verify.
• Analytic statements - propositions whose truth value can be determined by analyzing their meaning alone.
• Rationalism - the philosophical viewpoint that reason is the primary source of knowledge.
• Empiricism - the philosophical viewpoint that all human knowledge comes from experience and sensory perceptions.
• Induction - the process of drawing general conclusions from particular instances.
• Analytic statements - propositions whose truth values can be determined by analyzing their constituent parts without reference to external facts.