Structure of the Kidney

• What is the main focus of today's video?

  The anatomy of the urinary system
• What are the three main roles of the kidneys?

  Remove waste, regulate ions, regulate water
• Through which arteries does blood enter the kidneys?

  Renal arteries
• How does blood exit the kidneys?

  Through the renal veins
• What is produced from the blood in the kidneys?

  Urine
• What is the pathway of urine after it is produced?

  Down the ureters to the bladder
• What is the purpose of the urethra?

  To release urine from the body
• What happens when a kidney is sliced in a cross-section?

  It reveals tiny structures called nephrons
• What is the yellow part of the nephron called?

  The tubule
• What is the function of the glomerulus?

  To filter liquid from the blood
• What is filtered into the Bowman’s capsule?

  Small substances like water and ions
• What percentage of plasma is filtered through to the Bowman’s capsule?

  About 20 percent
• What happens to the fluid after it passes through the glomerulus?

  It moves along the tubules for reabsorption
• What is selective reabsorption?

  Reabsorbing only useful substances back into blood
• Which substances are almost completely reabsorbed?

  Glucose and amino acids
• What is the order of parts in the nephron after the Bowman’s capsule?

  Proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct
• What is classified as urine?

  Fluid that passes out of the collecting duct
• What happens to urine after it is formed?

  It passes down the ureter to the bladder
• What are the main components of the urinary system?

  • Kidneys
  • Ureters
  • Bladder
  • Urethra
• Describe the process of urine formation in the kidneys.

  1. Filtration in the glomerulus
  2. Collection in Bowman’s capsule
  3. Tubular reabsorption of useful substances
  4. Excretion of waste as urine
• What are the key functions of the kidneys?

  • Remove waste products
  • Regulate ion levels
  • Regulate water levels