ARTS m6

• How has photography evolve?

  In almost 200 years, from a plain box that took blurry photos to the high-tech mini computers found in today's DSLRs and smartphones
• When was the basic concept of photography?

  The basic concept of photography has been around since about the 5th century B.C.E
• What development occurred in the 11th century?


  An Iraqi scientist developed something called the camera obscura
• How did the camera obscura work?

  The camera did not actually record images, it projected images upside down onto another surface
• How is the Camera Obscura used?

  To trace accurate drawings of real objects such as buildings
• How did the first camera obscura project images?

  It used a pinhole in a tent to project an image from outside the tent into the darkened area
• When did the camera obscura become small enough to be portable?


  In the 17th century
• When did photography begin in France?


  In the late 1830s
• Who is credited for creating the first permanent images in photography?


  Joseph Nicéphore Niépce
• How did Joseph create the first permanent image?

  He used a portable camera obscura to expose a pewter plate coated with bitumen to light
• Who is George Eastman?


  He started a company called Kodak in the 1880s
• What did Eastman create?


  He created a flexible roll film that did not require constantly changing the solid plates.
• What else did Eastman develop?


  He developed a self-contained box camera that held 100 film exposures
• What was the characteristic of the self-contained camera box that Eastman made?

  The camera had a small single lens with no focusing adjustment
• How did consumers use the First Kodak camera?

  They would take pictures and send the camera back to the factory for the film to be developed and prints made
• What was the characteristic of the Kodak camera?

  It was much like modern disposable cameras
• What was significant about the Kodak camera?

  It was the first camera inexpensive enough for the average people to afford because photography was only for the professionals and the very rich
• What did the Japanese introduce in the 1950s?


  They introduced Asahiflex and Nikon that were both SLR type cameras (Single Lens Reflex)
• How did the Japanese improve photography?

  It brought easier image control to the photographers
• In the 1980s and 1990s what cameras did manufacturers work on?


  They worked on cameras that stored images electronically
• What type of camera was then introduced in the 1980s and 1990s?

  Point-and-shoot cameras that used digital media instead of film
• In 1991 what did Kodak introduce?


  It introduced the first digital camera that was advanced enough to be used successfully by professionals
• What are the Top 8 tips for great pictures?

  1. Look your subject in the eye
  2. Use a plain background
  3. Use flash outdoors
  4. Move in Close
  5. Move it from the middle
  6. Lock the focus
  7. Watch the light
  8. Be a picture director
• How did the discovery of video started?


  It started in the 1800s with a debate of a race-horse owner and his friends
• Who debated whether or not all four hooves of a horse were off the ground during a gallop?

  Leland Standford
• Who did Stanford meet to ask to settle the debate once and for all using photographs?

  Edward Muybridge
• What did Muybridge do to end the debate?

  He set up 12 cameras alone the edge of a racetrack in a line, to get 12 different pictures of 1 stride to gallop
• What was the result of the 12 cameras that Muybridge set up?


  Turns out that at every stride, all four hooves of a horse actually are in the air for a split second
• What did Muybridge discover?

  He discovered that if you took many photographs of one image taken very quickly, you get a moving image
• What did the moving image begin?

  it started the “Motion pictures”
• What was the name of the first successful motion-picture in 1888?

  “Roundhay Garden Scene”
• How many seconds was the first motion-picture filmed?

  2.11 seconds
• Who directed the short film?

  Louis Le Prince, a french inventor
• What did Le Prince use to film?

  He used a single lens camera and a strip of film to capture an afternoon in his father-in-law’s garden
• What are the Five Creative Techniques in Editing Videos?

  1. Use Cuts Wisely
  2. Master the Montage
  3. Cut in on the Action
  4. Cutaway Shots
  5. Match Cuts
• What is Use Cuts Wisely in Editing Videos?


  It is the most common and it connects frames together in a simple, straightforward flow.
• When to use the Use Cuts Wisely technique?

  it is perfect for those scenes when no form of transition is required
• What is Master the Montage in editing videos?


  Are a series of quick cuts that are perfect for showing a story’s progression without having to go into too much detail for each stage of that progression
• What is Cut in on the Action in editing videos?


  Common for a videographer to use this trick when they want the viewer to focus on the action on screen
• What is Cutaway Shots in editing videos?


  Are some of the most important video editing tips and tricks to master.

  • Gives depth to the story by shifting focus from the characters and placing it on the scene