Diabetes

• What does insulin increase the rate of in muscle cells?

  Respiration of glucose
• What happens to blood glucose levels when they are too low?

  Insulin activates glucose production
• What is the process called when glycogen is formed?

  Glycogenesis
• What does glucagon do when blood glucose concentration is too low?

  Raises blood glucose concentration
• What process does glucagon activate to convert glycogen into glucose?

  Glycogenolysis
• What is gluconeogenesis?

  Formation of glucose from non-carbohydrates
• How does glucagon affect the rate of respiration of glucose in cells?

  Decreases the rate of respiration
• What hormone is secreted when blood glucose levels are too low?

  Adrenaline
• What process does adrenaline activate?

  Glycogenolysis
• What does adrenaline prevent in relation to glycogen?

  Glycogenesis
• What triggers Type I Diabetes?

  Immune system attacks beta cells
• What happens to blood glucose levels after eating in Type I Diabetes?

  They rise and stay high
• What is hypoglycaemia in the context of Type I Diabetes?

  High blood glucose levels that can be fatal
• What happens to glucose in the kidneys of a person with Type I Diabetes?

  Some is excreted in urine
• When does Type II Diabetes usually occur?

  Later in life
• What factors increase the likelihood of developing Type II Diabetes?

  Family history, poor diet, lack of exercise
• What causes Type II Diabetes in relation to insulin production?

  Beta cells do not produce enough insulin
• Why might the body not respond properly to insulin in Type II Diabetes?

  Insulin receptors may not work correctly
• What is the result of cells not taking in enough glucose in Type II Diabetes?

  Higher blood glucose concentration