Socialisation

• Agencies of socialisation

  Aspects of society that influence social norms and values such as media, education, and peer groups.
• Primary Socialisation

  Socializing within the family unit where basic social values and norms are learned.
• Secondary Socialisation

  Socializing outside of the family unit.
• Tertiary Socialisation

  The maturity phase of socialization, typically seen in adult activities like the workplace.
• Socialisation

  The process through which individuals learn attitudes, values, and actions appropriate for their culture.
• Margret Mead

  The theorist who studied tribes and found that gender is socially constructed, not solely determined by biology.
• Mulvey

  Coined the term 'male gaze' to describe how certain films encourage viewers to assess female characters based on attractiveness.
• Bechdel test

  A measure of female representation in fiction requiring two female characters to discuss something other than a man.
• Modood and Berthood

  Theorists who surveyed young people, finding differing views on the importance of religion across ethnic groups. This survey found that 67% of young people in Pakistani and Bangladeshis families saw religion as very important. In contrast, only 5% of white British youths surveyed said that religion was very important to them.
• Waddington

  Introduced the term 'canteen culture' to describe the norms and values accepted within specific organizations. The "canteen culture" of the police can cause those who join the police force, who aren't themselves racist, to harbor racist thoughts and behave in ways that they are socialised to as a result of the police's canteen culture.
• Peer Group

  Individuals of similar age with whom one spends extended periods, influencing socialization and conformity.
• Education

  An important agent of socialization where language, societal culture, and formal curriculum are learned.
• Workplace

  A key agent of socialization for adults, involving resocialization and learning appropriate behaviors.
• Formal socialisation

  Includes laws, codes of conduct, dress codes, behavior expectations, and sanctions/rewards in the workplace.
• Informal socialisation

  Unspoken rules followed in society, part of social control.
• Primary Social Control

  Enforced by police, criminal justice system, security services, military, and government using sanctions.
• Informal Social Control

  Exerted by family, peer groups, media, religion, education, and the workplace.
• Jack Young

  argues media is partly responsible to criminality. Created "Bullemic society."
• Bowles and Gintis

  hidden curriculum teaches social control to make good compliant workers.
• Sue Lees

  Looked at pressure put on teenage girls by peers to control behaviour.
• Judith Harris

  Looked at compliant influence of parents and peer groups, concluding that the peer groups can be more influential than the family in shaping children's identities.
• Tony Sewell

  Uses the concept of cultural comfort zones to describe the way in which we like to associate with those who are similar to ourselves to stay in our 'comfort zones'.
• Bowles and Gintis

  hidden curriculum- agree that it exists but saw it as a negative force that was brainwashing children into being obedient and unquestioning which will make them good workers later in life.
• agents of socialisation

  family

  peer groups

  education

  media

  religion

  workplace