oxidative phosphorylation

• Who is the instructor for the A Level Biology course?

  Mr. Ik
• What is the focus of the last video in aerobic respiration?

  Oxidative phosphorylation
• Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur?

  Mitochondrial inner membrane
• What structures are found on the mitochondrial inner membrane?

  Enzymes and carrier proteins
• What is the first stage of aerobic respiration?

  Glycolysis
• What is created from glycolysis that enters the mitochondrial matrix?

  Pyruvate
• What is formed during the link reaction after pyruvate is transported?

  Acetyl coenzyme A
• How many reduced NAD and FAD are produced from one glucose molecule?

  Ten reduced NAD and two reduced FAD
• What is the primary function of oxidative phosphorylation?

  To produce ATP
• What are the three key parts of oxidative phosphorylation?

  Electron transfer chain, protein movement, ATP synthase
• What theory does oxidative phosphorylation exemplify?

  Chemiosmotic theory
• What happens to hydrogen atoms in oxidative phosphorylation?

  They split into protons and electrons
• What is the role of the electron transport chain?

  To pass electrons along embedded proteins
• What is created as protons are transported to the intermembrane space?

  An electrochemical gradient
• How do protons move back through the membrane?

  Through ATP synthase
• What reaction does ATP synthase catalyze?

  ADP + Pi to ATP
• Why is the stage called phosphorylation?

  Because ADP is phosphorylated to ATP
• What is the role of oxygen in oxidative phosphorylation?

  Final electron acceptor
• What is produced when oxygen picks up electrons and protons?

  Water
• Why is oxygen important for respiration?

  It allows electron transport to continue
• What happens if oxygen does not accept electrons?

  No more electrons move down the chain
• What would happen to proton transport without oxygen?

  Protons wouldn't be transported across the membrane
• What is the consequence of not having an electrochemical gradient?

  No ATP would be produced
• What are the stages of aerobic respiration?

  1. Glycolysis (in cytoplasm)
  2. Link reaction (in mitochondrial matrix)
  3. Krebs cycle (in mitochondrial matrix)
  4. Oxidative phosphorylation (on mitochondrial inner membrane)
• What are the key components and processes involved in oxidative phosphorylation?

  • Electron transport chain
  • Movement of protons across the membrane
  • Catalyzation by ATP synthase
  • Creation of an electrochemical gradient
  • Role of oxygen as the final electron acceptor
• What is the importance of oxygen in respiration?

  It is essential for ATP production
• What is chemiosmosis in the context of ATP production?

  Movement of protons drives ATP synthesis
• Why is the electrochemical gradient significant in ATP synthesis?

  It provides energy for ATP production
• What is the role of reduced coenzymes in oxidative phosphorylation?

  They carry hydrogen to the final step
• How does aerobic respiration differ from anaerobic respiration?

  Aerobic uses oxygen, anaerobic does not