family and household

• What do sociologists have different opinions on regarding couples?

  Division of domestic labour and decision making
• What do some sociologists believe causes domestic violence?

  Patriarchy or stress from poverty
• What has significantly improved the position of children in society?

  Introduction of laws protecting children's rights
• How do some sociologists view childhood in modern society?

  As 'toxic' due to rapid changes
• What is the functionalist view of the family?

  It provides beneficial functions for society
• What do Marxists argue about the family?

  It helps maintain class inequalities
• What do feminists believe about the family?

  It is the main source of women's oppression
• What demographic trends do some sociologists observe?

  Improved quality of life indicators
• What do some sociologists argue about dependency culture?

  It is a burden on society
• What trends are observed in changing family patterns?

  Increasing divorce and decreasing marriage
• What are some reasons for the increase in divorce?

  Secularisation and changing women's roles
• What has happened to family diversity in recent years?

  It has increased significantly
• What types of families are now more common?

  Reconstituted, lone-parent, and cohabiting families
• What do functionalists and the new right argue about family types?

  The nuclear family is the only functional type
• How can social policy impact families?

  It can help or oppress families
• What do some sociologists believe about UK social policy?

  It can be used to help families
• What is the focus of the learning objectives in this section?

  The relationship between family and social structure
• Why do many people consider themselves experts on family?

  Because they are born into families
• How do technology and eating habits affect family life?

  They contribute to the disintegration of traditional families
• What did the 21st Century Family Life Survey reveal about mothers' views on family life?

  90% felt family life was breaking down
• What concerns did mothers express regarding parent-child relationships?

  They feared disintegration due to lack of meals together
• What percentage of mothers blamed media for family decline?

  50%
• Who did two-thirds of mothers blame for family decline?

  The government
• What is kinship?

  • System of family relationships
  • Biologically related or through marriage, cohabitation, adoption
  • Enjoy legal rights and obligations
• What is the most common family type in the UK?

  The nuclear family
• How is the nuclear family defined?

  Two parents and one or more children
• What constitutes an extended family?

  Includes kin like grandparents and uncles
• What is a household?

  • All families sharing a common residence
  • Non-family households include friends, students, or singles
• What does the functionalist theory of the family emphasize?

  The nuclear family contributes to social order
• What does breaking the marital contract lead to?

  Strong moral disapproval
• How does sex within marriage contribute to society?

  It promotes social order and stability
• What is the primary socialisation function of the family?

  Transmitting culture to the next generation
• What is primary socialisation?

  Teaching children the culture of society
• What economic function do parents serve for their children?

  Providing health and wellbeing support
• How does the nuclear family benefit society economically?

  By contributing productive workers to the economy
• What did Murdock conclude about the nuclear family?

  It is a universal social institution
• What are the four functions of the nuclear family according to Murdock?

  Reproductive, sexual, educational, economic
• What is the reproductive function of the family?

  Ensuring physical survival through new members
• How does the sexual function of the family benefit individuals?

  It creates emotional bonds and fidelity
• What role does the expressive leader play in the family?

  Responsible for emotional care and support