attitude to empire

• Alexander II- secure empire, Crimean war, Polish revolts, Russification (Russian language in countries in empire)
• Alexander II- 1876 decree banning publication and importation of books written in Ukrainian
• Alexander II- relaxation of jews
• Alexander III- expand control over empire, stop nationalities creating own identity, stricter on Jews
• Nicholas- Sept 1915 German and Austrian advances meant Russia had to give up control over Warsaw and Vilna, Poland freed however official freedom not granted till 1918
• Nicholas- 1918 constitution created the RSFSR (Russian and parts of central Asia)
• Nicholas- Russification spread to Ukraine, Baltic and Caucasians
• Nicholas- 1905 Finland given freedom but later removed by Stolypin
• Nicholas- Ukraine given independence which was repealed in civil war
• Nicholas- continued antisemitic ideas
• PG- Finland and Ukraine given independence
• Lenin- wanted to solve Russia problems before rest of Empire
• Lenin- Treaty of Brest-Litovsk gave Poland independence
• Lenin- attempted to help Polish workers as red army went into Kiev however not welcomed and had to retreat
• Finns, Baltic, Germans and Christian Armenians remained loyal whilst Poles, Ukrainians and Tatars against Russia
• all leaders aimed to Russify people apart of empire
• Tsars wanted to hold onto power
• Leaders began giving countries more autonomy