a) Factors influencing the pattern of trade

• What was the UK known as in terms of manufacturing?

  The ‘workshop of the world’
• What significant economic change occurred in the UK during the 1970s and 1980s?

  Deindustrialisation occurred
• What type of exports became increasingly important in the UK during the 1970s and 1980s?

  Exports of services
• What was the impact of the UK’s entry to the EU on trade?

  It led to an increase in trade with Europe
• How did the UK's economic focus shift from the 1970s to the 1980s?

  From manufacturing to service exports
• What is the UK's rank in global service exports?

  Second largest exporter of services
• What are the main exported goods of the UK?

  Cars, fuels, and pharmaceuticals
• Which country is the biggest market for UK exports?

  USA
• What percentage of the UK's exports go to the EU?

  Just under half
• What types of goods does the UK often import and export?

  Cars, fuels, and pharmaceuticals
• From which regions does the UK primarily import goods?

  EU, China, and USA
• What is the UK's trade status in goods and services?

  Trade deficit in goods, surplus in services
• What has been the general pattern of UK trade since 2000?

  • Exports have fallen
  • Imports have risen
• What is a reason for the decline in UK exports?

  Competition from emerging economies like China
• Why have UK imports tended to rise?

  Goods are cheaper from less developed countries
• Which country does the UK import the most from?

  Germany
• How are UK exports to China and India characterized?

  Both are less than 5% of total exports
• What are the implications of the UK's trade patterns on its economy?

  • Increased reliance on imports
  • Potential vulnerability to global market changes
  • Need for competitive domestic industries