Uprising against Weimar Republic 1918-1919

• What were the early uprisings against the Weimar Republic primarily characterized by?

  Uprisings from extreme left-wing and right-wing
• Who were the extreme left-wing groups involved in the uprisings?

  Communists, Spartacists, and KPD
• What did the extreme left-wing groups want to achieve?

  Power for the people and end capitalism
• What was the KPD?

  The German Communist Party
• What was the Spartacist Uprising?

  A communist attempt to overthrow the government
• Who led the Spartacist Uprising?

  Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht
• What was the role of the Freikorps in the uprisings?

  They were right-wing paramilitaries used to suppress uprisings
• How did the government respond to the Spartacist Uprising?

  They used the Freikorps to crush the uprising
• What happened to Rosa Luxemburg during the Spartacist Uprising?

  She was beaten and shot
• What was the Kapp Putsch?

  A right-wing coup attempt against the government
• When did the Kapp Putsch occur?

  March 1920
• What was the outcome of the Kapp Putsch?

  It failed after four days due to strikes
• What was the impact of political violence between 1919 and 1922?

  376 political murders occurred, mostly left-wing
• How did the Weimar government respond to political violence?

  They employed paramilitaries for protection
• What were the names of the paramilitary groups aligned with political parties?

  Red Front Fighters and Steel Helmets
• What was the bias of judges during this period?

  They had a strong right-wing bias
• What was the overall state of Germany after the uprisings?

  Germany was in a chaotic and violent state
• What were the main characteristics of the early uprisings against the Weimar Republic?

  • Uprisings from extreme left-wing and right-wing
  • Spartacist Uprising (January 1919)
  • Kapp Putsch (March 1920)
  • Political violence with 376 murders (1919-1922)
• What were the consequences of the Spartacist Uprising and Kapp Putsch?

  • Spartacist leaders were killed
  • Government relied on right-wing Freikorps
  • Increased political violence and instability
  • Formation of paramilitary groups for protection
• What were the political factions involved in the uprisings?

  • Extreme left: Communists, Spartacists, KPD
  • Extreme right: DNVP, NSDAP (Nazis), Freikorps
  • Moderate left: SPD (Social Democrats)
• How did the Weimar Republic manage the threats from both extremes?

  • Used violence against left-wing uprisings
  • Relied on right-wing paramilitaries for support
  • Faced ongoing political violence and instability