national grid

• What is the national grid?

  A giant network of transformers and wires
• From where is electricity in the UK primarily generated?

  From power stations
• What do power stations do to generate electricity?

  They generate heat and convert it to electrical energy
• What are the two main processes used in power stations to generate electricity?

  Burning fossil fuels and nuclear fission
• When does electricity demand typically peak?

  In the late afternoon and evening
• Why do power stations need spare capacity?

  To cope with surges in demand
• What is the equation for power?

  Power = Voltage × Current
• What happens when high current flows through a wire?

  It generates lots of heat due to resistance
• How do we minimize energy loss during electricity transmission?

  By keeping the current low and voltage high
• What do step-up transformers do?

  They increase the voltage
• To what voltage do step-up transformers increase electricity?

  About 400,000 volts
• What do the wires in the national grid do?

  Transmit electricity across the country
• What do step-down transformers do before electricity reaches homes?

  They lower the voltage to around 230 volts
• Why is it important to lower the voltage before it reaches homes?

  High voltages are dangerous and can damage appliances
• What is the process of electricity transmission through the national grid?

  • Electricity generated in power stations
  • Step-up transformers increase voltage to 400,000 volts
  • Wires transmit electricity across the country
  • Step-down transformers lower voltage to 230 volts
  • Safe for use in homes
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