Eukaryotic cells

• animal cells

  • nucleus
  • nuclear envelop
  • nucleolus
  • ribosome
  • mitochondria
  • golgi apparatus
  • smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  • rough endoplasmic reticulum
  • plasma membrane
  • cytoplasm
  • lysosome
• plant cell


  • nucleus
  • nuclear envelope
  • nucleolus
  • ribosome
  • mitochondria
  • golgi apparatus
  • smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  • rough endoplasmic reticulum
  • plasma membrane
  • cytoplasm
  • cell wall
  • vacuole
  • plasmodesmata
  • chloroplast
• algal

  • nucleus
  • nuclear envelope
  • nucleolus
  • ribosome
  • mitochondria
  • golgi apparatus
  • smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  • rough endoplasmic reticulum
  • plasma membrane
  • cytoplasm
  • cell wall
  • vacuole
  • chloroplast
• fungal

  • nucleus
  • nuclear envelope
  • nucleolus
  • ribosome
  • mitochondria
  • golgi apparatus
  • smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  • rough endoplasmic reticulum
  • plasma membrane
  • cytoplasm
  • chitin cell wall
  • vacuole
• label the diagrams

  A) nucleus

  B) rough endoplasmic reticulum

  C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

  D) cytoplasm

  E) mitochondria

  F) golgi apparatus

  
• label the cell

  A) cell membrane

  B) lysosome

  C) ribosome

  D) nuclear envelope

  E) golgi apparatus

  F) cytoplasm

  G) mitochondria

  H) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

  I) nucleus

  J) nucleolus

  K) rough endoplasmic reticulum

  
• label the diagram

  A) mitochondria

  B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

  C) rough endoplasmic reticulum

  D) golgi apparatus

  E) cytoplasm

  F) nucleolus

  G) nucleus

  H) nuclear envelope

  I) chloroplast

  J) ribosome

  K) cell wall

  L) vacuole

  M) cell membrane

  
• label the diagram

  A) cell membrane

  B) chloroplast

  C) rough endoplasmic reticulum

  D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

  E) cytoplasm

  F) nucleolus

  G) nucleus

  H) nuclear envelope

  I) ribosome

  J) cell wall

  K) vacuole

  L) golgi apparatus

  M) mitochondria

  N) plasmodesmata

  
• label the diagram

  A) ribosome

  B) cell membrane

  C) rough endoplasmic reticulum

  D) nucleolus

  E) mitochondria

  F) golgi apparatus

  G) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

  H) nucleus

  I) cytoplasm

  J) chitin cell wall

  K) nuclear envelope

  L) vacuole

  
• Golgi apparatus description


  A group of fluid filled membrane-bound flattened sacs. Vesicles are often seen at the edges of the sacs
• Golgi apparatus function


  Processes and packages new lipids and proteins. it also makes lysosomes
• Golgi vesicle description


  small fluid-filled sac in cytoplasm, surrounded by a membrane and produces by the golgi apparatus
• golgi vesicle function


  stores lipids and proteins make by the golgi apparatus and transports them out of the cell
• lysosome description


  a round organelle surrounded by a membrane with no clear internal structure. its a type of golgi vesicle
• lysosome function


  contains digestive enzymes called lysozymes. these are kept seperate from the cytoplasm by the surrounding membrane, and can be used to digest invading cells or to break down worn out components of the cell.
• ribosome description


  a very small organelle that floats free in the cytoplasm or is attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. it is made up of proteins and RNA. it is not surrounded by a membrane
• ribosome function


  the site where proteins are made
• rough endoplasmic reticulum description


  a system enclosing a fluid-filled space. the surfaceis covered with ribosomes
• rough endoplasmic reticulum function


  folds and processes proteins that have been made at the ribosomes
• smooth endoplasmic reticulum description


  a system of membranes enclosing a fluid-filled space however the space has no ribosomes
• smooth endoplasmic reticulum function 


  synthesises and processes lipids
• cell wall description


  a rigid structure that surrounds cells in plants, algae and fungi. in plants and algae its made mainly of the carbohydrate cellulose. in fungi it is made of chitin
• cell wall function


  supports cells and prevents them from changing shape
• cell vacuole description


  a membrane-bound organelle found in the cytoplasm. it contains cell sap- a weak solution of sugar and salts. the surrounding membrane is called the tonoplast
• cell vacuole function


  helps to maintain pressure inside the cell and keep the cell rigid. this stops plants wilting. its also involved in the isolation of unwanted chemicals inside the cell
• mitochondrian description


  they are usually oval shaped. they have a double membrane - the inner one is folded to form structures called cristae. inside is the matrix, which contains enzymes involved in respiration.
• mitochondrian function


  the site of aerobic respiration. aerobic respiration produces ATP. Mitochondria are found in large numbers in cells that are very active and require a lot of energy
• chloroplast description


  a small, flattened structure found in plants cells and algal cells. its surrounded by a double membrane, and also has membranes inside called thylakoid membranes. these membranes are stacked up in some parts of the chloroplast to form grana. grana are linked together by lamellae - thin, flat pieces of thylakoid membrane
• chloroplast function


  the site where phtosynthesis takes place. some parts of photosynthesis happen in the grana, and other parts happen in the stroma
• cell-surface membrane description


  the membrane found on the surface if animal cells and just inside the cell wall of other cells. its made mainly of lipids and protein.
• cell-surface membrane function


  regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell. it also has receptor molecules on it, which allow it to respond to chemicals like hormones
• nucleus description


  a large organelle surrounded by a nuclear envelope which contains many pores. the nucleus contains chromosomes and one or more structures called a nucleolus
• nucleus function


  the nucleus controls the cells activities. DNA contains instructions to make proteins. Pores allow substances to move between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The nucleolus makes ribosomes.