-If questions are ambiguous they may be interpretated differently on the different occasions doing it in retest.
Interview
-use the same interviewer or one which is fully trained so o leading or ambiguous questions are asked.
-Use a structured interview where the interviewers behaviour is controlled by fixed questions, unstructured is more free flowing and less reliable.
Observation
-Make sure all the behavioural categories have been properly operationalised.
-Categories should not overlap, all behaviours observed should be covered. e.g. hugging and cuddling are similar therefore only one should be used for the categories.
Experiment
-Need to have standardised procedures.
-Allows correlations to be made from the behaviours to be consistent so we can replicate and falsify findings.