C1- Atoms

Cards (64)

  • What is the chemical formula for water?
    H2O
  • What are substances made of?
    Atoms
  • How are different types of atoms represented?
    By symbols in the periodic table
  • What is a compound?
    A substance with two or more different atoms
  • How many hydrogen atoms are in one water molecule?
    Two hydrogen atoms
  • What does it mean if there is no number after a symbol in a chemical formula?
    There is an invisible one
  • What happens during chemical reactions?
    Atoms change their bonds and connections
  • How can we represent a chemical reaction?
    With a word equation and a chemical equation
  • What must be true about the number of atoms in a chemical reaction?
    They must be the same on both sides
  • What is the first step in balancing a chemical equation?
    Start with atoms only in compounds
  • How do you balance hydrogen atoms in a reaction?
    Put a number in front of H2O
  • What is a mixture?
    A combination of elements and compounds not bonded
  • What is an example of a mixture?
    Air
  • How can you separate large insoluble particles from a liquid?
    Using filtration
  • What is crystallization used for?
    To separate a solute from a liquid
  • What does distillation involve?
    Heating a solution and cooling gas
  • What is fractional distillation?
    Separating liquids with different boiling points
  • What are the three main states of matter?
    Solid, liquid, and gas
  • How do particles behave in a solid?
    They vibrate around fixed positions
  • What happens to water when it becomes vapor?
    Particles move far apart and randomly
  • What do state symbols indicate in chemical equations?
    The state of a substance
  • What is required to melt or evaporate a substance?
    Energy, usually in the form of heat
  • What does (s) represent in state symbols?
    Solid
  • What does (l) represent in state symbols?
    Liquid
  • What does (g) represent in state symbols?
    Gas
  • What does (aq) represent in state symbols?
    Aqueous or dissolved in solution
  • Who discovered that atoms are made of positive and negative charges?
    JJ Thompson
  • What model did JJ Thompson propose?
    The plum pudding model
  • Who discovered the nucleus of the atom?
    Ernest Rutherford
  • What did Rutherford's experiment with gold atoms show?
    Atoms are mostly empty space
  • Who discovered electron shells?
    Neils Bohr
  • What did James Chadwick discover?
    Neutrons in the nucleus
  • What are protons and electrons' charges?
    Protons are +1, electrons are -1
  • What is the relative mass of neutrons?
    One
  • What does the atomic number represent?
    The number of protons in the nucleus
  • What must be true for an atom to be neutral?
    It must have equal protons and electrons
  • What happens when an atom gains or loses electrons?
    It becomes an ion
  • What does the mass number indicate?
    Protons plus neutrons in the nucleus
  • What are isotopes?
    Atoms of the same element with different neutrons
  • Why might the mass number not be a whole number?
    It shows the average mass of isotopes