Equilibria

• Dynamic equilibrium

  
  

  When the forwards reaction occurs at the same rate as the backwards reaction so the concentrations of the reactants remain the same
• Closed system

  
  

  Nothing can enter or leave the system
• Le Chatelier's Principle

  
  

  When a change is made to an equilibrium, it will move to oppose the change
• Factors affecting equilibria

  
  

  Pressure

  Temperature

  Concentration
• Catalysts speed up both the forwards and backwards reaction, therefore do not affect the position of the equilibria
• Compromise conditions

  Doing what will give the highest yield and rate of reaction

  e.g. Lower temperature giving a slower rate of reaction but higher yield

  Can use a catalyst - increase rate of reaction