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Science - Sophia
Q#2-Minor members of the Solar system
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Cards (60)
What recent advances have allowed scientists to study near-Earth objects?
Advances in
space technology
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What are examples of near-Earth objects studied by scientists?
Comets
and
asteroids
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What do comets and asteroids provide clues about?
The
origins
of our solar system
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How long have people been aware of comets?
Since
ancient
times
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What did some people historically believe about comets?
They brought
bad luck
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What is a comet described as?
A
fuzzy
luminous
big
snowball
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What happens to a comet as it approaches the sun?
It loses some of its material
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What is the relationship between a comet's orbit and its visibility?
It becomes visible as it approaches the
sun
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What is the nucleus of a comet made of?
Frozen water
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What is the tail of a comet formed from?
Gas
blown
by
solar wind
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How long can a comet's tail reach?
Up to
150 million
kilometers
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Where do most comets originate from?
A huge cloud called the
Oort cloud
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What hypothesis exists regarding comets and the extinction of dinosaurs?
A comet or
asteroid
may have crashed into
Earth
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What is a meteor also called?
A
falling star
or
shooting star
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What happens when a meteoroid enters Earth's atmosphere?
It burns up and creates a meteor
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What causes a meteor to glow as it travels through the atmosphere?
Friction
with atmospheric gas molecules
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What colors can meteors produce based on their composition?
Various hues depending on
chemical composition
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What are meteoroids?
Objects in space from dust to small asteroids
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What happens to a meteorite after it survives atmospheric entry?
It hits the ground
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How many meteors enter Earth's atmosphere daily?
Millions
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What is the size range of meteors?
Size of pebbles to baseballs
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When were meteors believed to be from our solar system?
Since
1833
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What are asteroids described as?
Rocky
or
metallic
objects
orbiting
the sun
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Why are asteroids hard to see?
They
reflect
little light
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What is the
largest
asteroid
classified
as
?

A
dwarf planet
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Where do many asteroids orbit the sun?
In the
asteroid belt
between
Mars
and
Jupiter
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What role does Jupiter play in asteroid orbits?
It
pulls
asteroids
outward
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What are the differences between comets, asteroids, and meteors?
Comets
:
Ice
and
dust
, have
tails
Asteroids
:
Rocky
/
metallic
,
no
tails
Meteors
:
Streaks of light from meteoroids
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What are the
three parts of a comet
?

Nucleus
,
head
, and
tail
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What happens when a meteoroid burns up in the atmosphere?
It
creates
a
streak
of
light
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How do comets, asteroids, and meteors relate to each other?
They are all celestial objects orbiting the sun
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What are the three main types of celestial bodies discussed?
Comets
,
meteors
, and
asteroids
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How many planets are in the solar system?
Eight planets
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What is a comet often referred to as?
A
dirty snowball
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What are the three main parts of a comet?
Nucleus
,
coma
, and
tail
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What happens to the nucleus of a comet as it approaches the Sun?
It
vaporizes
and
forms
a
coma
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Where do comets originate from in the solar system?
Oort cloud
and
Kuiper belt
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What is the Oort cloud?
A
spherical cloud
of
comets
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What is the Kuiper belt composed of?
Comets
,
minor planets
, and other bodies
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What are meteors commonly known as?
Shooting stars
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