atom economy

• What does atom economy measure?

  Reaction efficiency
• How does atom economy indicate reaction efficiency?

  It measures reactant atoms in the desired product
• What does a reaction with 100% atom economy do?

  Converts all reactant atoms into the desired product
• What happens when reactions have lower atom economies?

  They generate more waste
• How is atom economy calculated?

  Using the mass of desired product over total mass of reactants
• What does a higher atom economy percentage indicate?

  More efficient conversion of reactants
• What is essential for calculating atom economy?

  Using the balanced chemical equation
• What does atom economy not indicate?

  Percentage yield or losses during processing
• What is the atom economy in addition reactions?

  • All reactant atoms form a single product
  • Always have 100% atom economy
• What is the atom economy in substitution reactions?

  • Some atoms are substituted
  • Generates at least two products
  • Atom economy is less than 100%
• Why is high atom economy important environmentally?

  • Less waste generated
  • More efficient use of raw materials
  • Reduces energy requirements
• Why is high atom economy economically advantageous?

  • Reduces costs for separating products
  • Lowers raw material demands
  • Minimizes energy costs
• Why do companies aim for high atom economy?

  To maximize sustainability and profits