Cardiovascular system

• What are the three main parts of the cardiovascular system?

  The heart, blood vessels, and blood
• How does the size of the heart compare to a clenched fist?

  It is approximately the same size
• Where is the heart located in the body?

  In the middle of the chest, slightly left
• What is the primary function of the right-hand side of the heart?

  Pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs
• What does the left-hand side of the heart do?

  Pumps oxygenated blood around the body
• What are the two chambers of each side of the heart?

  Atrium and ventricle
• What is the role of the atria in the heart?

  Where blood collects when entering the heart
• What do the ventricles do?

  Pump blood out of the heart
• What separates the right-hand and left-hand sides of the heart?

  The septum
• What are the three main parts of the cardiovascular system?

  The heart, blood vessels, and blood
• What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

  To transport blood throughout the body
• What is the function of the tricuspid valve?

  Separates right atrium and right ventricle
• How does the tricuspid valve operate?

  Opens due to pressure in the right atrium
• What are the three types of blood vessels in the body?

  • Arteries
  • Capillaries
  • Veins
• Why are capillaries microscopically thin?

  To allow gases to exchange
• What do veins do?

  Carry blood towards the heart
• What is the role of the bicuspid valve?

  Separates left atrium and left ventricle
• What is the function of arteries?

  Carry blood away from the heart
• What is the primary function of capillaries?

  Allows diffusion of gases and nutrients
• What is the lumen in blood vessels?

  The hollow opening inside the blood vessel
• How do arteries differ in structure from veins?

  Arteries have thick, muscular walls
• What feature do veins have to prevent backflow of blood?

  Valves
• How does the bicuspid valve function?

  Opens due to pressure in the left atrium
• What is unique about capillary walls?

  They are very thin, one cell thick
• What is the main function of blood?

  To transport nutrients and oxygen
• What do the semilunar valves prevent?

  Back flow of blood into the heart
• What are the three main parts of the cardiovascular system?

  The heart, blood vessels, and blood
• What are the four components of blood?

  Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma
• Where are the semilunar valves located?

  At the aorta and pulmonary artery exits
• What are the four main functions of the cardiovascular system?

  Transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste
• What is the role of red blood cells?

  To transport oxygen around the body
• What is the largest artery in the body?

  The aorta
• What do white blood cells do?

  Fight infection
• How does the cardiovascular system help maintain body temperature?

  By regulating blood flow through vasodilation and vasoconstriction
• What does the vena cava do?

  Carries deoxygenated blood to the heart
• What is the function of platelets?

  To clot blood during injury
• What is vasodilation?

  Enlargement of blood vessels to increase blood flow
• What is plasma in blood?

  The liquid part of blood
• What is the function of the pulmonary artery?

  Carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs
• What happens to blood vessels during exercise?

  They undergo vasodilation, causing a pink face