internal energy and changes of state

• What is the formula for calculating energy change?

  ΔE = mcΔθ (mass x shc x change in temp)
• What is internal energy stored by in a system?

  Particles that make up the system
• What types of energy do particles in a system have?

  Kinetic and potential energy
• What happens to the internal energy when a system is heated?

  Particles gain energy and move faster
• What does a change in temperature depend on?

  Mass, specific heat capacity, and heat capacity
• What occurs when a substance is heated enough to change state?

  Particles break the bonds holding them together
• What happens to a liquid when it is heated?

  It expands and becomes a gas
• What happens to a solid when it is heated?

  It melts and becomes a liquid
• How can a change of state occur besides heating?

  By cooling, causing particles to lose energy
• What are the changes of state that can occur in matter?

  • Solid to liquid (melting)
  • Liquid to gas (evaporation)
  • Gas to liquid (condensation)
  • Liquid to solid (freezing)
  • Solid to gas (sublimation)
  • Gas to solid (deposition)
• What is conserved during a change of state?

  Mass
• What happens to particles during cooling in a change of state?

  Particles lose energy and form bonds
• What is specific heat capacity?

  The amount of heat required to change temperature
• Why is it important to understand specific heat capacity for this topic?

  It helps calculate temperature changes accurately