overview of anaerobic respiration

• what does anaerobic respiration allow to happen whilst in the absence of oxygen after glycolysis


  the reoxidation of NAD
• what does the oxidation of nad allow to occur in again


  glycolysis
• what is formed in the liver cells during anaerobic respiration


  lactate(lactic acid)
• describe how lactate is formed in animals cells starting with pyruvate


  pyruvate will become reduced and will accept the hydrogen form the reduced NAD forming lactate
• what is the chemical formula for lactate


  C3H6O3
• why are proton(hydrogen) acceptors always needed


  so the reduced NAD doesn't stay reduced so glycolysis can start again
• what is uses as a proton(hydrogen) acceptor in anaerobic respiration instead of oxygen


  pyruvate
• what is the hydrogen acceptor in animals(when oxygen isn't present


  pyruvate
• what is used as a hydrogen acceptor in yeast and higher plants


  ethanal
• what does ethanal becoming when it accepts the hydrogen ion form the reduced nad


  ethanol
• what is the first step of glycolysis


  phosphorylation of glucose into a hexose phosphate
• what happens the hexose phosphate that is produced from the phosphorylation of glucose


  it is split into two triose phosphates
• in animals and plants ,during anaerobic respiration what is reduced in order to produce pyruvate

  NAD
• what enzyme is used to oxidise reduced NAD in animals


  lactate dehydrogenase
• what is produced as a bi-product when the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase is used


  lactate
• in plants during anaerobic respiration what primarly happens to the pyruvate at the end of the reaction so it can start again


  an enzyme will convert the pyruvate into ethanal
• what enzyme is used to convert pyruvate into ethanal


  ethanal dehydrogenase
• when the enzyme ethanal dehydrogenase is used what will be produced as well as ethanal


  a co2 molecule
• what happens to the ethanal produced from the pyruvate to oxidise NAD


  an enzyme will cause the ethanal to lose a hydrogen atom which will oxidise the reduced NAD
• what enzyme is used to convert ethanal to ethanol


  ethanol dehydrogenase
• what is produced as a bi-product when ethanal is used to oxidise NAD


  ethanol
• what is the net gain of ATP from anaerobic respiration in animals


  2
• how much atp is produced per each trios phosphate in glycolysis


  2