Genomes in population

• Define Genome:


  All genetic info in an organism
• Define genomics:


  Study of genome

  (e.g, studying DNA sequences between humans)
• Define transcriptome:


  Whole population of RNA in cell, tissue or organ at 1 time

  (mRNA & non-coding RNA)
• Define transcriptomics:


  Study of transcriptome

  (e.g, compare RNA in non-cancerous & cancerous cells)
• Define proteome:


  Population of proteins in cell, tissue or organ at 1 time
• Define proteomics:


  Study of proteome (large-scale analyses)
• How are new populations formed through founder groups?


  • OG population has genetic variety
  • Disease survivors/migrants have rare allele (founder group) so are more resistant to disease if it happens again
  • New population formed
• Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP):


  A variation in a single nucleotide that occurs at a specific position in the genome

  (only parts of genome that's different between people)

  Can cause disease susceptibility or resistance

  (genomes can be read to see likelihood of catching certain disease based on SNPs)
• Genome wide association study:

  Observational study of a genome-wide set of common genetic variants in different people to see if any variant is associated with a trait.