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1ST SEM (FINALS) My finale.
COGNI (FINALS)
COGNI (Language)
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Created by
Donna Rebucias
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Cards (132)
What is language primarily used for?
Communication
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What enables us to express feelings and thoughts?
Language
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What are the two properties of language that enhance communication?
Hierarchical
structure
and
rules
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How does the
hierarchical
nature
of language function?
It combines
small
components
into
larger
units
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What can words be combined to create?
Phrases
and
sentences
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Why is the rule-based nature of language important?
It allows
specific
arrangements of
components
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What is an example of a permissible sentence in English?
“What is my
cat
saying?”
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What does the term "
universal
" refer to in language use?
It occurs
wherever
there
are
people
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What do deaf children invent when no language is present?
Sign language
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What do all humans with normal capacities develop?
A
language
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How do people typically feel about studying grammar?
Many find it
difficult
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How many different languages exist across cultures?
More than
5,000
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What did European explorers discover in New Guinea?
More than
750
languages
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What is similar about language development across cultures?
Children begin
babbling
at about
7 months
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What is meant by "unique but the same" in languages?
Languages differ in words but share
functions
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What are the functions of nouns and verbs in all languages?
They serve essential
grammatical
roles
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What did Paul Broca propose about language production?
Broca's area
in the
frontal
lobe
is responsible
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What is Wernicke's area responsible for?
Comprehension
of
language
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What did B. F. Skinner propose about language learning?
It is learned through
reinforcement
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What did Noam Chomsky argue about human language?
It is coded in the
genes
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What was a key argument against behaviorism by Chomsky?
Children produce
sentences
never heard before
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What is the goal of psycholinguistics?
To discover
psychological
processes of language
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What are the four major concerns of psycholinguistics?
Comprehension
Representation
Speech production
Acquisition
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What does comprehension in psycholinguistics involve?
Understanding
spoken
and
written
language
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What does representation in psycholinguistics refer to?
How
language
is
organized
in the
mind
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What does speech production encompass?
The processes of
creating
speech
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What does acquisition in psycholinguistics study?
How people learn
language
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What is the lexicon?
All
the
words
we
know
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What is semantics in language?
The
meaning
of language
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What does word frequency refer to?
The frequency a word appears in
language
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What is the word frequency effect?
Faster response to
high-frequency
words
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What is a lexical decision task?
A task to identify
words
vs.
nonwords
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What did Rayner and Duffy measure in their experiment?
Participants' eye movements
while reading
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Why do readers have longer fixations on low-frequency words?
They need more time to access
meanings
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What is the pronunciation of words like?
Variable
among speakers
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How do people often pronounce words in casual conversation?
With
relaxed
pronunciation
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What is speech segmentation?
Perception of
individual
words in speech
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What influences understanding of spoken words?
Frequency
,
context
, and knowledge
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What is lexical ambiguity?
Words with
multiple
meanings
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What did the
Tanenhaus
experiment measure?
Response speed
to related words
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