Humanist

• What does the humanistic approach study?

  The whole person and individual uniqueness
• Why did the humanistic approach develop?

  As a rebellion against behaviorist and psychodynamic limitations
• What is a criticism of the behaviorist and psychodynamic approaches from a humanistic perspective?

  They oversimplify human behavior and experience
• Who is one of the founding fathers of humanism?

  Maslow
• What did Maslow argue is necessary to achieve self-actualisation?

  Meeting a number of deficiency needs
• What is self-actualisation?

  The realization of one's full potential
• Give an example of how someone may be prevented from self-actualising.

  Lack of support in pursuing personal goals
• What must an individual's self-concept be similar to in order to achieve self-actualisation, according to Carl Rogers?

  Their ideal self
• What happens if there is a large gap between self-concept and ideal self?

  The person experiences a state of incongruence
• What can low self-esteem in adults be explained by, according to Rogers?

  A lack of unconditional positive regard
• How can client-centered therapy help individuals?

  It helps cope with everyday living problems
• What is a strength of the humanistic approach regarding human behavior?

  • Advocates holism
  • Considers the whole person
  • Recognizes individual uniqueness
• What does holism mean in the context of the humanistic approach?

  Considering the whole person rather than parts
• What is the difference between individualist and collectivist cultures?

  Individualist cultures prioritize personal goals
• What is one limitation of the humanistic approach in psychology?

  • May overlook biological influences
  • Can be too idealistic
  • Lacks empirical support
• How do humanistic psychologists view human beings compared to Freud?

  As good and free to achieve potential
• What do humanistic psychologists believe about control over one's life?

  Individuals are in control of their own lives