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Hematology 1
Introduction
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Cards (68)
What is the primary function of blood?
Transport
oxygen
from
lungs
to
tissues
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What does blood clear from tissues?
Carbon dioxide
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What substances does blood transport?
Glucose
,
proteins,
and
fats
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Where does blood move waste to?
Liver
and
kidneys
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How much blood does the average human have?
5 liters
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What is the liquid portion of anticoagulated blood called?
Plasma
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What is the liquid portion of clotted blood known as?
Serum
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What are the three categories of blood cells?
Red blood cells
(
erythrocytes
)
White blood cells
(
leukocytes
)
Platelets
(
thrombocytes
)
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What is the study of blood cells called?
Hematology
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Who described worms in the blood?
Athanasius Kircher
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What did
Anton
van
Leeuwenhoek
give an account of?
Red blood cells
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Who described platelets as "
petites
plaques"
?
Giulio Bizzozero
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What did
James
Homer
Wright
develop
?
Wright stain
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How is the
hematology
laboratory
analyzed
in the
present
day?
By
automation
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What are
red
blood
cells
filled
with?
Hemoglobin
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What is the shape of red blood cells?
Biconcave
, anucleate, discoid cells
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What
color do red blood cells appear under a microscope?
Pink
to
red
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What is the diameter of red blood cells?
8
µm
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What does a zone of pallor in red blood cells indicate?
It occupies
one third
of their center
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Why are red blood cells counted?
To detect
anemia
or
polycythemia
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What is anemia?
Loss
of
oxygen
carrying capacity
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What is polycythemia?
Increased
red blood cell
count
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How are red blood cells counted?
Using a
Thoma pipette
and
Hemocytometer
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What is osmosis?
Movement of water across a
semipermeable
membrane
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What is an isotonic solution?
Same
osmolality
as another solution
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What happens to red blood cells in a hypotonic solution?
They
swell
and may
lyse
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What happens to red blood cells in a hypertonic solution?
They
shrink
or
crenate
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Who patented the first electronic counter?
Joseph and Wallace Coulter
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What principle does the Coulter counter operate on?
Direct current electrical impedance
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What are white blood cells also known as?
Leukocytes
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What is the primary function of white blood cells?
Protect
host
from
infection
and
injury
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How are white blood cells counted?
Using a
dilute acid solution
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What is the normal range for white blood cell count?
4500
to
11,500
/µl
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What does leukocytosis indicate?
WBC
count of
>11
,
500
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What does leukopenia indicate?
WBC
count of
<4500
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What are the types of white blood cells?
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
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What is neutrophilia?
Increase in
neutrophils
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What is neutropenia?
Decrease in
neutrophils
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What does a left shift indicate?
Increase in band
neutrophils
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What is eosinophilia?
Elevated
eosinophil
count
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