diffusion and respiration

• what 3 factors affect the rate of diffusion 


  diffusion distance , concentration gradient , surface area
• how does diffusion distance affect the rate of diffusion


  the greater the diffusion distance , the further the molecules must travel and the slower the rate of diffusion
• how does concentration gradient affect the rate of diffusion 


  the steeper the concentration gradient , the faster the rate of diffusion
• how does surface area affect the rate of diffusion , 


  the larger the surface area , the greater the number of molecules that can diffuse across in a given time , so the faster the rate of diffusion
• how can the rate of diffusion be calculated 


  rate of diffusion is proportional to surface area x conc. gradient over thickness of membrane
• what is respiration 


  a process that releases energy in the form of atp from the breakdown of organic molecules (e.g glucose )
• what is atp 


  short term energy store in all cells , universal energy carrier
• why must respiration occur continuously in all living cells 


  atp is required for many essentail processes in living cells , e.g homeostasis , movement , active transport
• what type of reaction is respiration 


  exothermic reaction
• where do plants get glucose for respiration 


  they get their own glucose during photosynthesis
• where do animals get the glucose for respiration 


  from the breakdown of carbohydrates that they have ingested
• what are the 2 types of respiration 


  aerobic , anaerobic
• what is aerobic respiration 


  respiration in the presence of oxygen that forms atp from the breakdown of glucose
• write the word equation for aerobic respiration 


  glucose + oxygen turns into into energy + water + co2
• write the symbol equation for aerobic respiration


  c6h12o6 + 6o2 turns into 6co2 + 6h20 + energy
• what is anaerobic respiration 


  respiration that takes place without the presence of oxygen and forms atp from the breakdown of glucose
• when may anaerobic exercise take place in humans 


  during vigorous exercise
• when may anaerobic respiration occur in plant cells


  if the soil becomes waterlogged
• write the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscle cells 


  glucose turns into lactic acid and energy
• why may anaerobic respiration in muscles eventually stop


  lactic acid build up inhibits anaerobic respiration
• symptoms of lactic acid build up 


  cramp , fatigue
• write a word equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells


  glucose turns into ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy
• what type of respiration is more efficient and explain why

  aerobic respiration is more efficient as it produces more molecules of atp than aerobic respiration