System Design freeCodeCamp

• What topics does the system design tutorial cover?

  Scalability, reliability, data handling, architecture
• What is the focus of a system design interview?

  How to integrate an entire system
• What is the smallest data unit in computing?

  Bit
• How many bits are in one byte?

  Eight bits
• What are the units of data storage that expand from a byte?

  Kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte, terabyte
• What type of storage maintains data without power?

  Non-volatile storage
• What are the two types of disk storage?

  HDD and SSD
• How does SSD speed compare to HDD speed?

  SSD is significantly faster than HDD
• What is the typical read speed range for SSDs?

  500 MB/s to 3,500 MB/s
• What does RAM stand for?

  Random Access Memory
• What is the primary function of RAM?

  Holds active data and applications
• What is the typical read/write speed of RAM?

  Over 5,000 MB/s
• What is the purpose of cache memory?

  To reduce average data access time
• What is the typical size of cache memory?

  Measured in megabytes
• What does the CPU do?

  Fetches, decodes, and executes instructions
• What is required before the CPU can run high-level code?

  Code must be compiled into machine code
• What is the role of the motherboard?

  Connects all computer components
• What does CI/CD stand for?

  Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment
• What is the function of load balancers?

  Distributes user requests across servers
• What is the purpose of logging and monitoring systems?

  To analyze and store logs of interactions
• What happens when a logging system detects an anomaly?

  It enforces an alerting service
• What is a hot fix?

  A quick temporary fix for issues
• What are the three key elements of system design?

  Moving data, storing data, transforming data
• What does the CAP theorem address?

  Trade-offs between consistency, availability, partition tolerance
• What does consistency in the CAP theorem ensure?

  All nodes have the same data simultaneously
• What does availability mean in the context of system design?

  The system is always operational and responsive
• What is partition tolerance in the CAP theorem?

  The system continues functioning during network disruptions
• What is the significance of service level objectives (SLOs)?

  They set performance and availability goals
• What do service level agreements (SLAs) define?

  Minimum service levels committed to users
• What does reliability in system design mean?

  Ensuring the system works correctly and consistently
• What is fault tolerance in system design?

  Preparing for unexpected failures or attacks
• What is throughput in system design?

  Amount of data handled over time
• What does latency measure?

  Time taken to handle a single request
• What is the role of IP addresses in networking?

  Unique identifiers for devices on a network
• What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6?

  IPv4 is 32-bit, IPv6 is 128-bit
• What is the purpose of the Internet Protocol (IP)?

  Defines how data is sent and received
• What does TCP ensure in data communication?

  Reliable communication and correct delivery
• How does UDP differ from TCP?

  UDP is faster but less reliable
• What is the function of DNS?

  Translates domain names into IP addresses
• What are public IP addresses?

  Unique across the internet