chromosome structure

Cards (31)

  • put this in order starting with the smallest, chromosome base gene and DNA
    base chromosome gene and DNA
  • what is a gene
    segment of DNA that codes for a nucleotide
  • what is chromatin
    DNA molecules that are loosely coiled around histone protein
  • what two features make up a chromatin
    DNA and a histone protein
  • where are chromatins found
    in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells
  • how does DNA exist when the cell is not dividing
    chromatin within the nucleus
  • what does DNA exist as when the cell is dividing
    chromosome
  • what happens to the chromatin when cell division begins

    the chromatin condenses to form chromosomes
  • what is a chromosome in terms of chromatin
    this is DNA and a histone protein coiled tightly together
  • what is a matching pair of chromosomes called
    homologous chromosomes
  • What are homologous chromosomes?
    Two genetically similar chromosomes, one from each parent
  • what three parts make up a chromosome
    DNA a histone protein and a little rna
  • what small sections make up DNA
    genes
  • what is the first stage of DNA replication
    interphase
  • at the start of cell division what are the chromosomes visible as
    two identical sister chromatids joined at the centromere
  • What joins two sister chromatids?

    a centromere
  • how can you tell when a chromosome pair is a homologous pair

    they will look the same
  • how many homologous pairs do humans have

    23
  • do all species have the same amount of homologous pairs
    no
  • what is meant by a diploid cell
    these are cells that have two of each type of chromosome(homologous pairs)
  • what can be used to represent a diploid cell
    2N
  • what type of cells will be diploid cells
    body cells
  • what is meant by a haploid cells
    this is when a cell only has one of each type of chromosome
  • what can be used to represent haploid cells
    N
  • what type of cells will be haploid cells
    gametes
  • what is a triploid cell

    this when a cell have three of each type of chromosome
  • where are triploid cells usually found

    in plants
  • what is the karyotype for males

    XY
  • what is the karyotype for female

    XX
  • what is the diploid number of chromosomes for humans
    46
  • what is the haploid number of chromosomes for humans
    23