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component 2
cell division
chromosome structure
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Created by
sophie w
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Cards (31)
put this in order starting with the smallest, chromosome base gene and DNA
base
chromosome
gene
and
DNA
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what is a gene
segment
of
DNA
that
codes
for a
nucleotide
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what is chromatin
DNA
molecules that are loosely
coiled
around
histone protein
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what two features make up a chromatin
DNA
and a
histone protein
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where are chromatins found
in the
nucleus
of
eukaryotic
cells
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how does DNA exist when the cell is not dividing
chromatin within the nucleus
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what does DNA exist as when the cell is dividing
chromosome
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what happens to the
chromatin
when cell division begins
the chromatin condenses to form
chromosomes
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what is a chromosome in terms of chromatin
this is
DNA
and a
histone protein
coiled tightly together
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what is a matching pair of chromosomes called
homologous chromosomes
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What are homologous chromosomes?
Two
genetically
similar
chromosomes, one from each
parent
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what three parts make up a chromosome
DNA
a
histone protein
and a little
rna
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what small sections make up DNA
genes
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what is the first stage of DNA replication
interphase
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at the start of cell division what are the chromosomes visible as
two
identical
sister
chromatids
joined at the
centromere
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What joins two sister
chromatids
?
a
centromere
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how can you tell when a chromosome pair is a
homologous
pair
they will look the same
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how many
homologous
pairs do humans have
23
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do all species have the same amount of homologous pairs
no
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what is meant by a
diploid cell
these are cells that have
two
of each type of
chromosome
(
homologous pairs
)
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what can be used to represent a diploid cell
2N
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what type of cells will be diploid cells
body cells
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what is meant by a haploid cells
this is when a cell only has one of each type of
chromosome
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what can be used to represent haploid cells
N
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what type of cells will be haploid cells
gametes
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what is a
triploid
cell
this when a cell have
three
of each type of
chromosome
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where are
triploid
cells usually found
in
plants
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what is the
karyotype
for males
XY
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what is the
karyotype
for female
XX
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what is the diploid number of chromosomes for humans
46
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what is the haploid number of chromosomes for humans
23
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