ATP and energy

• All energy comes from the sun, plants use it to make organic molecules, which are oxidised in respiration to make ATP.
• Energy is stored in bonds between phosphate groups in ATP.
• When the third phosphate group is removed, ATP hydrolyses to make ADP and an inorganic phosphate.
• ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate (nucleotide derivative) and is made of a pentose sugar, 3 phosphate groups, and one base (adenine).
• ATP is an immediate source of energy because the bonds between phosphate groups are unstable and weak.
• Condensation reactions re-add a phosphate group to ADP to make ATP, known as ATP synthesis.
• there are two types of ATP synthesis: photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation.