PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

• WHAT IS AN AMINE?

  derivative of ammonia where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl/ aryl groups
• AMMONIA FORMULA?

  NH3 (xx)
• GENERAL FORMULA OF TYPES OF AMINES?

  PRIMARY: RNH2

  SECONDARY: R'RNH

  TERTIARY: R"R'RN
• USES OF AMINES?

  • very reactive compounds
  • useful as intermediates
  • in synthesis
• SHAPE OF AMMONIA?

  pyramidal, 107 degrees
• SHAPE OF AMINES?

  pyramidal, 107 degrees
• BOILING POINTS OF AMINES?

  • polar
  • primary amines can hydrogen bond to each other using NH2 (similar to alcohols but N less electronegative than O so weaker)
  • boiling points of amines lower than comparable alcohols
• STATE OF AMINES AT ROOM TEMPERATURE?

  SHORT CHAIN AMINES: gases

  LONGER AMINES: volatile liquids

  -> fishy smells
• SOLUBILITY?

  • primary amines with chain lengths up to four carbons are very soluble in water and alcohols (form hydrogen bonds with solvents)
  • most amines soluble in less polar solvents
  • phenylamines not very soluble in water due to benzene ring (cannot form hydrogen bonds)
• REACTIVITY?

  • act as Bronsted-Lowry base (lone pair forms bond with H+)
  • act as nucleophile (lone pair forms bond with electron-deficient carbon atom)