space physics

Cards (33)

  • What is at the center of our solar system?
    The Sun
  • What does heliocentric mean?
    Sun-centered solar system
  • Name two dwarf planets that orbit the Sun.
    Pluto and Ceres
  • How is our solar system positioned within the Milky Way galaxy?
    It is a small part of the Milky Way
  • What mnemonic helps remember the order of the planets?
    • My Very Early Morning Jam Sandwich Usually Nauseates
  • What are smaller planets primarily made of?
    Rock
  • What are larger planets primarily made of?
    Gas
  • Do all planets rotate at the same speed?
    No, they rotate at different speeds
  • Why do larger planets have rings?
    Their strong gravitational field attracts debris
  • What was the initial model of the solar system called?
    Geocentric model
  • What was a key feature of the geocentric model?
    Orbits were perfect circles
  • What did Galileo observe that challenged the geocentric model?
    Moons orbiting Jupiter
  • How does the velocity of a planet change as it orbits?
    It is always changing
  • What happens to a planet's speed as it moves closer to the Sun?
    Its orbital speed increases
  • What is the first step in the life cycle of a star?
    A dust and gas cloud forms
  • What causes the dust and gas cloud to become more concentrated?
    Gravitational attraction between particles
  • What happens to temperature and pressure as particles in the cloud get closer?
    They increase
  • What occurs when the pressure in the cloud becomes great enough?
    Fusion of gas/dust particles occurs
  • What is produced when hydrogen nuclei fuse together?
    Helium nuclei
  • What does the fusion process create?
    A large amount of energy
  • What balances the gravitational collapse of a star?
    The energy released from fusion
  • What happens when a star runs out of gas to fuse?
    It collapses
  • What occurs if a massive star collapses?
    It produces a supernova
  • What remains after a massive star's supernova?
    A neutron star or black hole
  • What remains after a normal-sized star's collapse?
    A white dwarf
  • What does the change in speed of galaxies indicate?
    Evidence of an expanding universe
  • How can the expansion of the universe be visualized?
    As an expanding balloon with galaxies on it
  • What happens to the wavelength of light from a galaxy moving away?
    It gets red-shifted
  • What happens to the frequency of light as the wavelength increases?
    It decreases
  • What does red shift provide evidence for?
    The universe is expanding
  • What is cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB)?
    Radiation from the early hot universe
  • What happens to the wavelength of radiation as the universe expands?
    It stretches to become microwaves
  • Why is the Big Bang model widely accepted?
    It accounts for all experimental evidence